Gottschalk L, Andresen V, Layer P
Medizinische Klinik, Israelitisches Krankenhaus in Hamburg, Orchideenstieg 14, 22297, Hamburg, Deutschland.
Internist (Berl). 2022 Jan;63(1):51-61. doi: 10.1007/s00108-021-01218-3. Epub 2022 Jan 10.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia are chronic diseases of the digestive tract that challenge both patients and physicians due to their difficult diagnosis and limited treatment options. The international Rome IV diagnostic criteria are commonly used for research purposes. For IBS, the diagnostic criteria based on the German S3 guideline offer a less complicated alternative for everyday clinical practice. A thorough history and basic diagnostic work-up are essential for diagnosis, as reliable biomarkers are still lacking. Clinical manifestations of both disorders are variable, and it has been useful to allocate subtypes based on leading symptom clusters; these may facilitate the choice of diagnostic tests as well as symptomatic treatment approaches. Used correctly, the combination of available drug (mostly off-label) and non-drug options can help to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.
肠易激综合征（IBS）和功能性消化不良是消化道的慢性疾病，因其诊断困难且治疗选择有限，给患者和医生都带来了挑战。国际罗马IV诊断标准常用于研究目的。对于肠易激综合征，基于德国S3指南的诊断标准为日常临床实践提供了一种不太复杂的替代方案。全面的病史和基本的诊断检查对于诊断至关重要，因为目前仍缺乏可靠的生物标志物。这两种疾病的临床表现各不相同，根据主要症状群划分亚型很有帮助；这可能有助于诊断测试的选择以及对症治疗方法。正确使用现有的药物（大多为超说明书用药）和非药物选择相结合，可以帮助减轻症状并提高生活质量。
