Patel Harsh, Wu Zhuo-Xun, Chen Yanglu, Bo Letao, Chen Zhe-Sheng
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY, 11439, USA.
Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Mol Biomed. 2021 Sep 10;2(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s43556-021-00041-4.
The phenomenon of drug resistance has been a hindrance to therapeutic medicine since the late 1940s. There is a plethora of factors and mechanisms contributing to progression of drug resistance. From prokaryotes to complex cancers, drug resistance is a prevailing issue in clinical medicine. Although there are numerous factors causing and influencing the phenomenon of drug resistance, cellular transporters contribute to a noticeable majority. Efflux transporters form a huge family of proteins and are found in a vast number of species spanning from prokaryotes to complex organisms such as humans. During the last couple of decades, various approaches in analyses of biochemistry and pharmacology of transporters have led us to understand much more about drug resistance. In this review, we have discussed the structure, function, potential causes, and mechanisms of multidrug resistance in bacteria as well as cancers.
自20世纪40年代末以来，耐药现象一直是治疗医学的一大障碍。导致耐药性发展的因素和机制众多。从原核生物到复杂的癌症，耐药性是临床医学中普遍存在的问题。尽管有许多因素导致并影响耐药现象，但细胞转运蛋白在其中占了相当大的比例。外排转运蛋白构成了一个庞大的蛋白质家族，存在于从原核生物到人类等复杂生物体的大量物种中。在过去几十年里，对转运蛋白进行生物化学和药理学分析的各种方法让我们对耐药性有了更多的了解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了细菌和癌症中多药耐药的结构、功能、潜在原因及机制。
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