Keyvani-Ghamsari Saeedeh, Rahimi Maryam, Khorsandi Khatereh
Clinical Cares and Health Promotion Research Center, Karaj Branch Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran.
Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center Yara Institute, ACECR Tehran Iran.
Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Aug 31;11(10):5856-5872. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3615. eCollection 2023 Oct.
Drug resistance to antibacterial and anticancer drugs is one of the most important global problems in the treatment field that is constantly expanding and hinders the recovery and survival of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to identify compounds that have antibacterial and anticancer properties or increase the effectiveness of existing drugs. One of these approaches is using natural compounds that have few side effects and are effective. Gallic acid (GA) has been identified as one of the most important plant polyphenols that health-promoting effects in various aspects such as bacterial and viral infections, cancer, inflammatory, neuropsychological, gastrointestinal, and metabolic disease. Various studies have shown that GA inhibits bacterial growth by altering membrane structure, and bacterial metabolism, and inhibits biofilm formation. Also, GA inhibits cancer cell growth by targeting different signaling pathways in apoptosis, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, targeting the cell cycle, and inhibiting oncogenes and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression. Due to the powerful function of GA against bacteria and cancer cells. In this review, we describe the latest findings in the field of the sources and chemical properties of GA, its pharmacological properties and bioavailability, the antibacterial and anticancer activities of GA, and its derivatives alone, in combination with other drugs and in the form of nanoformulation. This review can be a comprehensive perspective for scientists to use medicinal compounds containing GA in future research and expand its clinical applications.
抗菌和抗癌药物的耐药性是治疗领域中最重要的全球性问题之一，且该问题仍在不断扩大，阻碍着患者的康复和生存。因此，有必要鉴定具有抗菌和抗癌特性的化合物，或提高现有药物的疗效。其中一种方法是使用副作用小且有效的天然化合物。没食子酸（GA）已被确定为最重要的植物多酚之一，在细菌和病毒感染、癌症、炎症、神经心理、胃肠道和代谢疾病等各个方面都具有促进健康的作用。各种研究表明，GA通过改变膜结构、细菌代谢来抑制细菌生长，并抑制生物膜形成。此外，GA通过靶向细胞凋亡中的不同信号通路、增加活性氧（ROS）生成、靶向细胞周期以及抑制癌基因和基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）表达来抑制癌细胞生长。由于GA对细菌和癌细胞具有强大的作用。在本综述中，我们描述了GA的来源和化学性质、其药理性质和生物利用度、GA及其衍生物单独、与其他药物联合以及纳米制剂形式的抗菌和抗癌活性等领域的最新发现。本综述可为科学家在未来研究中使用含GA的药用化合物并扩大其临床应用提供全面的视角。
