Hu K, Schwarz D W
Division of Otolaryngology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1987;244(4):222-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00455310.
Local placement of chloroform in either the external or the middle ear has been previously reported to induce a chemical labyrinthectomy. In order to examine the value of this effect as a research tool, we injected chloroform into the middle ears of guinea pigs and rats. Cochlear damage was assessed by electrocochleography (ECochG) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) audiometry. Both species developed complete deafness within a few hours after instillation of the chloroform. The deafness was permanent in the guinea pigs, whereas there was a partial recovery of auditory function in the rats. The survival rate of the auditory nerve fibers was estimated by measuring the ABR evoked by electrical stimulation via the scala tympani (EABR). A normal EABR recruitment pattern suggested that the main chloroform effect was located peripheral to the afferent axons. In conclusion, chloroform must be considered a severely ototoxic agent when applied locally.
先前已有报道称，在中耳或外耳局部放置氯仿可诱发化学性迷路切除术。为了检验这种效应作为一种研究工具的价值，我们将氯仿注入豚鼠和大鼠的中耳。通过耳蜗电图（ECochG）和听觉脑干反应（ABR）听力测定法评估耳蜗损伤情况。在滴入氯仿后的几个小时内，这两个物种均出现了完全性耳聋。豚鼠的耳聋是永久性的，而大鼠的听觉功能有部分恢复。通过测量经鼓阶电刺激诱发的ABR（EABR）来估计听神经纤维的存活率。正常的EABR募集模式表明，氯仿的主要作用位于传入轴突的外周。总之，局部应用氯仿时，必须将其视为一种具有严重耳毒性的药物。
