Mescia Luciano, Mevoli Gianvito, Lamacchia Claudio Maria, Gallo Michele, Bia Pietro, Gaetano Domenico, Manna Antonio
Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Politecnico di Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
R&D Department, IAMAtek srl, 70127 Bari, Italy.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Dec 30;22(1):248. doi: 10.3390/s22010248.
In this paper, the recent progress on sinuous antennas is detailed, focusing the attention on the antenna geometry, dielectric structure, and miniaturization techniques. In the first part, we introduce the basic principles of the frequency-independent antenna, in particular the self-complementary and log-periodic geometries, as well as the antenna geometries, all characterized in terms of angles. The operating principles, main advantages, system design considerations, limits, and challenges of conventional sinuous antennas are illustrated. Second, we describe some technical solutions aimed to ensure the optimal trade-off between antenna size and radiation behavior. To this aim, some special modification of the antenna geometry based on the meandering as well as on the loading with dielectric structures are presented. Moreover, the cavity backing technique is explained in detail as a method to achieve unidirectional radiation. Third, we present a new class of supershaped sinuous antenna based on a suitable merge of the 2D superformula and the sinuous curve. The effect of the free parameters change on the antenna arm geometry as well as the performance improvement in terms of directivity, beam stability, beam angle, gain, and radiating efficiency are highlighted.
本文详细介绍了蜿蜒天线的最新进展，重点关注天线几何形状、介质结构和小型化技术。在第一部分，我们介绍了频率无关天线的基本原理，特别是自互补和对数周期几何形状，以及所有以角度表征的天线几何形状。阐述了传统蜿蜒天线的工作原理、主要优点、系统设计考虑因素、局限性和挑战。其次，我们描述了一些旨在确保天线尺寸与辐射行为之间实现最佳权衡的技术解决方案。为此，提出了基于曲折以及加载介质结构对天线几何形状进行的一些特殊修改。此外，详细解释了腔背衬技术作为实现单向辐射的一种方法。第三，我们提出了一类基于二维超公式和蜿蜒曲线的适当融合的新型超形状蜿蜒天线。突出了自由参数变化对天线臂几何形状的影响以及在方向性、波束稳定性、波束角度、增益和辐射效率方面的性能提升。
