School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 30;19(1):372. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010372.
Changes in climate and the underlying surface are the main factors affecting runoff. Quantitative assessment of runoff characteristics, and determination of the climate and underlying surface contribution to changes in runoff are critical to water resources management and protection. Based on the runoff data from the Wulong Hydrological Station, combined with the Mann-Kendall test, Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA), Budyko hypothesis, and changes in climate and the underlying surface, this study comprehensively analyzed the runoff in the Wujiang River Basin (WRB). The results showed that: (1) The annual runoff of Wujiang River showed a downward trend, and an abrupt change occurred in 2005. (2) The overall hydrological change in WRB is 46%, reaching a moderate change. (3) The contribution rates of precipitation (P), potential evaporation (), and underlying surface to runoff changes are 61.5%, 11.4%, and 26.9%, respectively. (4) After 2005, the WRB has become more arid, human activities have become more active, vegetation coverage has increased, and the built-up land has increased significantly.
气候变化和下垫面是影响径流量的主要因素。定量评估径流量特征，确定气候和下垫面对径流量变化的贡献，对水资源管理和保护至关重要。本文基于武隆水文站的径流量数据，结合 Mann-Kendall 检验、水文变化指标（IHA）、Budyko 假设以及气候变化和下垫面变化，综合分析了乌江流域（WRB）的径流量。结果表明：（1）乌江年径流量呈下降趋势，2005 年发生了突变。（2）WRB 的整体水文变化为 46%，达到中度变化。（3）降水（P）、潜在蒸散（）和下垫面对径流量变化的贡献率分别为 61.5%、11.4%和 26.9%。（4）2005 年后，WRB 变得更加干旱，人类活动更加活跃，植被覆盖增加，建设用地显著增加。
