College of Tourism and Geography Science, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China.
Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NEIGAE), Changchun 130102, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jan 4;19(1):546. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19010546.
() is an important ecological barrier and tourism resource in coastal wetland resources, and assessing changes in its health is beneficial for protecting the ecological health of wetlands and increasing finances. The aim was to explore improvements in the degradation of communities in the Liao River Estuary National Nature Reserve since a wetland restoration project was carried out in Panjin, Liaoning Province, China, in 2015. In this study, landscape changes in the reserve were assessed based on Sentinel-2 images classification results from 2016 to 2019. A pressure-state-response framework was constructed to assess the annual degradation of communities within the wetlands. The assessment results show that the area of communities and water bodies decreased annually from 2016 to 2019, and the increased degradation indicators indicate a state of continued degradation. The area of types such as aquaculture ponds and communities did not change much, while the estuarine mudflats increased year by year. The causes of community degradation include anthropogenic impacts from abandoned aquaculture ponds and sluice control systems but also natural impacts from changes in the tidal amplitude and soil properties of the mudflats. The results also indicate that the living conditions of in the Liao River estuary wetlands are poor and that anthropogenic disturbance is necessary to restore the original vegetation abundance.
（）是沿海湿地资源中的重要生态屏障和旅游资源，评估其健康状况的变化有利于保护湿地的生态健康和增加财政收入。本研究旨在探讨自 2015 年中国辽宁省盘锦市开展湿地恢复项目以来，辽河口国家级自然保护区内 群落退化状况的改善情况。本研究基于 2016 年至 2019 年 Sentinel-2 图像分类结果，评估了保护区的景观变化。构建了一个压力-状态-响应框架，以评估湿地内 群落的年度退化情况。评估结果表明，从 2016 年到 2019 年， 群落和水体的面积逐年减少，增加的退化指标表明持续退化的状态。水产养殖池塘和 群落等类型的面积变化不大，而河口泥滩则逐年增加。 群落退化的原因包括废弃水产养殖池塘和水闸控制系统的人为影响，以及潮汐幅度和泥滩土壤性质变化的自然影响。研究结果还表明，辽河口湿地 群落的生活条件较差，需要人为干扰来恢复原始植被的丰富度。
