Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, Ryukoku University, Otsu 520-2194, Japan.
Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine & Health Science, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 23;14(1):54. doi: 10.3390/nu14010054.
The double burden of malnutrition refers to the co-occurrence of overweight and obesity and undernutrition. Eating quickly has been linked to overweight and obesity. However, no study has examined the association between eating speed and undernutrition. This retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzed data from 3529 community-dwelling residents. Eating speed was divided into three categories: fast, medium, and slow. Undernutrition was defined as body mass index (BMI) of <18.5 kg/m in adults aged < 70 years (adults) and as <20 kg/m in adults aged ≥ 70 years (older adults), in accordance with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria for Asians. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between eating speed and undernutrition. Among adult men, compared with eating quickly, eating slowly was associated with elevated prevalence of undernutrition (odds ratio (OR) 9.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.32-40.51, = 0.001). Among older adult women, the prevalence of undernutrition in the slow-eating group was higher than that in the fast-eating group (OR 3.82, 95% Cl 1.51-9.69, = 0.005). Eating slowly is independently associated with the prevalence of undernutrition among community-dwelling adult men and older adult women in Japan.
营养不良的双重负担是指超重和肥胖与营养不足同时发生。进食过快与超重和肥胖有关。然而，尚无研究探讨进食速度与营养不足之间的关系。本回顾性横断面研究分析了来自 3529 名社区居民的数据。进食速度分为三类：快、中、慢。根据亚洲人营养不良全球领导倡议的标准，将成年人（年龄<70 岁）的体质指数（BMI）<18.5kg/m 和成年人（年龄≥70 岁）的 BMI<20kg/m 定义为营养不足。多变量逻辑回归分析用于检验进食速度与营养不足之间的关联。在成年男性中，与快速进食相比，缓慢进食与营养不足的患病率升高有关（比值比（OR）9.68，95%置信区间（CI）2.32-40.51， = 0.001）。在老年女性中，慢速进食组的营养不足患病率高于快速进食组（OR 3.82，95%Cl 1.51-9.69， = 0.005）。在日本，缓慢进食与社区居民成年男性和老年女性的营养不足患病率独立相关。
