Center for Human Nutrition, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Whitefield, Bangalore 560066, India.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 30;14(1):179. doi: 10.3390/nu14010179.
Loss of lean muscle mass impairs immunity and increases mortality risk among individuals with HIV/AIDS. We evaluated the relative contributions of protein supplementation and nutrition education on body composition among 600 women living with HIV/AIDS in rural Andhra Pradesh, India. We conducted a cluster randomized controlled 2 × 2 factorial trial lasting six months with follow up at twelve and eighteen months. Interventions occurred in the Nellore and Prakasam regions of Andhra Pradesh by trained village women, ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activists), and included: (1) the usual supportive care from ASHA (UC); (2) UC plus nutrition education (NE); (3) UC plus nutritional protein supplementation (NS); (4) combined UC plus NE plus NS. A Bioimpedance Analyzer Model 310e measured body composition. SAS 9.4 analyzed all data. Mixed models using repeated measures evaluated lean mass change from baseline as primary and fat weight and total weight as secondary outcomes. Lean mass change was significantly associated with NS ( = 0.0001), NE ( = 0.0001), and combined NS plus NE ( = 0.0001), with similar associations for secondary outcomes. Stronger associations for total weight were observed with greater ART adherence. Nutritional interventions may improve physiologic response to HIV. Significant increases in lean mass resulted from independent and combined protein supplementation and nutrition education.
肌肉减少症会损害艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的免疫力并增加其死亡风险。我们评估了蛋白质补充和营养教育对印度安得拉邦农村地区 600 名艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者身体成分的相对贡献。我们进行了一项为期六个月的集群随机对照 2×2 析因试验，并在 12 个月和 18 个月时进行随访。在安得拉邦的 Nellore 和 Prakasam 地区，由经过培训的乡村妇女 ASHA（认证的社会卫生活动家）开展干预措施，包括：（1）来自 ASHA 的常规支持性护理（UC）；（2）UC 加营养教育（NE）；（3）UC 加营养蛋白质补充（NS）；（4）UC 加 NE 加 NS。生物电阻抗分析仪模型 310e 测量身体成分。SAS 9.4 分析所有数据。使用重复测量的混合模型评估了从基线开始的瘦体重变化，将其作为主要结果，脂肪重量和总重量作为次要结果。瘦体重变化与 NS（=0.0001）、NE（=0.0001）和联合 NS 加 NE（=0.0001）显著相关，次要结果也存在类似的关联。与更大的 ART 依从性相比，总重量的相关性更强。营养干预可能会改善对 HIV 的生理反应。独立和联合的蛋白质补充和营养教育可显著增加瘦体重。
