Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty Medicine, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuoh-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, 471 Ebigase, Higashi-ku, Niigata 950-8680, Japan.
Nutrients. 2022 Jan 4;14(1):211. doi: 10.3390/nu14010211.
We aimed to analyze the association between dietary iron intake and obesity assessed by BMI after adjustment for nutrient intake (macronutrients and fiber) and food groups. The study design was cross-sectional. Patients with type-2 diabetes ( = 1567; 63.1% males; mean age 62.3 ± 11.6 years) were included in the study. To assess diet, consumption of typical food groups was determined by a food frequency questionnaire. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 25 kg/m. We performed a binary regression analysis between quartiles of iron intake and obesity by quartiles of age group. A direct linear association was found for the highest quartile of iron intake and obesity in the younger age group of 30 to 54 years (OR = 3.641, 95% CI = 1.020-12.990; trend = 0.011). Multivariate analysis using food groups as opposed to nutrients revealed a positive trend for obesity in the younger age group after adjusting for lifestyle factors, energy intake and bean and vegetable intake ( trend = 0.023). In all participants, an inverse association was observed before adjustment by vegetable intake (OR = 0.453, 95% CI = 0.300-0.684; trend = 0.001). Higher iron intake was associated with obesity independent of macronutrient and fiber intake but only in the youngest quartile of age group examined.
我们旨在分析调整营养素摄入（宏量营养素和纤维）和食物组后，膳食铁摄入与 BMI 评估的肥胖之间的关联。研究设计为横断面研究。该研究纳入了 1567 例 2 型糖尿病患者（63.1%为男性；平均年龄 62.3 ± 11.6 岁）。为了评估饮食，通过食物频率问卷确定了典型食物组的消耗。肥胖定义为 BMI≥25kg/m。我们在年龄组四分位数之间进行了铁摄入量与肥胖的二项回归分析。在 30 至 54 岁的年轻年龄组中，发现铁摄入量最高四分位数与肥胖之间存在直接线性关联（OR=3.641，95%CI=1.020-12.990；趋势=0.011）。使用食物组而不是营养素进行多变量分析，在调整生活方式因素、能量摄入和豆类和蔬菜摄入后，在年轻年龄组中发现肥胖呈阳性趋势（趋势=0.023）。在所有参与者中，在调整蔬菜摄入量之前观察到与肥胖呈负相关（OR=0.453，95%CI=0.300-0.684；趋势=0.001）。铁摄入量较高与肥胖独立于宏量营养素和纤维摄入相关，但仅在研究中年龄最小的四分位数中观察到。
