The American University of Antigua-College of Medicine, Coolidge 1451, Antigua and Barbuda.
Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, NanoBioCel Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Cells. 2021 Dec 30;11(1):116. doi: 10.3390/cells11010116.
Glioblastoma (GB), an aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system, represents about 60% of all adult primary brain tumors. It is notorious for its extremely low (~5%) 5-year survival rate which signals the unsatisfactory results of the standard protocol for GB therapy. This issue has become, over time, the impetus for the discipline of bringing novel therapeutics to the surface and challenging them so they can be improved. The cell-based approach in treating GB found its way to clinical trials thanks to a marvelous number of preclinical studies that probed various types of cells aiming to combat GB and increase the survival rate. In this review, we aimed to summarize and discuss the up-to-date preclinical studies that utilized stem cells or immune cells to treat GB. Likewise, we tried to summarize the most recent clinical trials using both cell categories to treat or prevent recurrence of GB in patients. As with any other therapeutics, cell-based therapy in GB is still hampered by many drawbacks. Therefore, we highlighted several novel techniques, such as the use of biomaterials, scaffolds, nanoparticles, or cells in the 3D context that may depict a promising future when combined with the cell-based approach.
胶质母细胞瘤（GB）是一种侵袭性的中枢神经系统原发性肿瘤，约占所有成人原发性脑肿瘤的 60%。它以极低的（约 5%）5 年生存率而臭名昭著，这表明 GB 治疗的标准方案效果并不理想。随着时间的推移，这一问题成为了将新型疗法推向临床并对其进行挑战以使其得到改善的动力。由于大量的临床前研究探索了各种类型的细胞，旨在对抗 GB 并提高生存率，基于细胞的治疗方法在治疗 GB 方面已经进入临床试验阶段。在本综述中，我们旨在总结和讨论利用干细胞或免疫细胞治疗 GB 的最新临床前研究。同样，我们也尝试总结了使用这两类细胞治疗或预防 GB 患者复发的最新临床试验。与任何其他疗法一样，基于细胞的治疗在 GB 中仍然存在许多缺陷。因此，我们强调了几种新的技术，如生物材料、支架、纳米颗粒或在 3D 环境中的细胞的使用，当与基于细胞的方法结合使用时，可能会描绘出一个有前途的未来。
