Córdoba Francisco, Luís Ana Teresa, Leiva Mercedes, Sarmiento Aguasanta Miguel, Santisteban María, Fortes Juan Carlos, Dávila José Miguel, Álvarez-Bajo Osiris, Grande José Antonio
Department of Integrated Sciences, University of Huelva, Avda 3 de marzo, s/n., 21007, Huelva, Spain.
GeoBioTec Research Unit-Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 May;29(21):31749-31760. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-18475-2. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Odiel river basin is located in the Iberian Pyritic Belt (IPB) and mostly of its tributaries are severely affected by acid mine drainage (AMD). It is originated when pyritic minerals from abandoned mines, especially mineral residues from waste rock dams, get in contact with air and water. Fifteen sampling points were chosen to analyze interactions between diatom communities and water hydrogeochemistry. Considering physicochemical characteristics, sampling points were assigned as highly, moderately, and unpolluted by AMD. No correlation was observed between ecological diversity indexes and physico-chemical parameters. However, a dependency relationship between diatom species distribution and specific pH, conductivity, redox potential, sulfate, and metal concentrations was observed. Cluster analysis based on Pearson correlation and rs values of the non-parametric Spearman correlation allowed to identify Pinnularia acidophila, Pinnularia subcapitata var. elongata, and Eunotia exigua as the main bioindicators of AMD-polluted Odiel streams. Finally, a principal component analysis led to associate the most abundant diatoms species to specific physico-chemical parameters.
奥迪尔河流域位于伊比利亚黄铁矿带（IPB），其大部分支流都受到酸性矿山排水（AMD）的严重影响。它是在废弃矿山的黄铁矿矿物，特别是废石坝的矿渣与空气和水接触时产生的。选择了15个采样点来分析硅藻群落与水地球化学之间的相互作用。根据物理化学特征，采样点被划分为受AMD高度污染、中度污染和未受污染。未观察到生态多样性指数与物理化学参数之间的相关性。然而，观察到硅藻物种分布与特定pH值､电导率､氧化还原电位､硫酸盐和金属浓度之间存在依赖关系。基于Pearson相关性和非参数Spearman相关性的rs值进行的聚类分析，确定嗜酸羽纹藻､长形羽纹藻变种和微小异极藻为受AMD污染的奥迪尔溪流的主要生物指示物种。最后，主成分分析将最丰富的硅藻物种与特定的物理化学参数联系起来。
