Karam Khalid Mohammed, Alebady Ahmed Saed, Alhilfi Haitham O, Al-Delemi Dhia Hussain
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq.
Vet World. 2021 Nov;14(11):2863-2868. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2863-2868. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
Post-breeding treatment is the most common practice in the reproductive management of mares. Oxytocin, uterine lavage, and intrauterine (I/U) antibiotic are usually used as prophylactic therapy. This study aimed to determine the most efficient prophylactic treatment regimen among six treatment protocols applied during natural breeding of cyclic Arabian mares.
The current study was conducted on cyclic Arabian mares that were subdivided into three age categories (n=968): Category I (5-10 years, n=380), Category II (11-15 years, n=361), and Category III (≥16 years, n=227). Six prophylactic treatments were applied after 4 h of breeding. According to the treatment regimen, treated mares (n=483) were divided into six treatment groups: A (n=80), treated with I/U antibiotic (1 g gentamicin); B (n=81), I/U lavage (normal saline 500 mL); C (n=83), intramuscular (I/M) oxytocin (10 IU); D (n=82), I/U antibiotic and I/M oxytocin; E (n=78), I/U lavage and I/M oxytocin; and F (n=79), I/U lavage with I/U antibiotic and I/M oxytocin. Non-treated mares were classified as controls (n=485). Ultrasonography was performed to monitor pregnant mares 30 and 60 days after mating, and mares were followed until foaling.
Pregnancy and foaling results reveals that in age Category I, treatment with oxytocin alone or oxytocin with I/U lavage showed the highest pregnancy and foaling rates (p<0.01). In age Category II, the highest pregnancy and foaling rates were observed in lavage treatment (p<0.01), whereas, in age Category III, the good pregnancy and foaling rates were monitored in treatment with oxytocin and I/U lavage (p<0.01).
Treatment with systemic I/M oxytocin is ideal in early age group mares (5-10 years of age). However, irrespective of the age categories, all mares exhibited high pregnancy and foaling rates after treatment with systemic I/M oxytocin and I/U lavage with normal saline (0.9%) 4 h post-breeding.
配种后处理是母马繁殖管理中最常见的做法。催产素、子宫灌洗和子宫内（I/U）抗生素通常用作预防性治疗。本研究旨在确定在周期性阿拉伯母马自然配种期间应用的六种治疗方案中最有效的预防性治疗方案。
本研究针对周期性阿拉伯母马进行，这些母马被分为三个年龄组（n = 968）：I组（5 - 10岁，n = 380）、II组（11 - 15岁，n = 361）和III组（≥16岁，n = 227）。配种4小时后进行六种预防性治疗。根据治疗方案，接受治疗的母马（n = 483）被分为六个治疗组：A组（n = 80），用I/U抗生素（1克庆大霉素）治疗；B组（n = 81），I/U灌洗（500毫升生理盐水）；C组（n = 83），肌肉注射（I/M）催产素（10国际单位）；D组（n = 82），I/U抗生素和I/M催产素；E组（n = 78），I/U灌洗和I/M催产素；F组（n = 79），I/U灌洗联合I/U抗生素和I/M催产素。未接受治疗的母马被分类为对照组（n = 485）。在配种后30天和60天对怀孕母马进行超声检查，并对母马进行跟踪直至产驹。
妊娠和产驹结果显示，在I年龄组中，单独使用催产素或催产素联合I/U灌洗治疗的妊娠和产驹率最高（p < 0.01）。在II年龄组中，灌洗治疗的妊娠和产驹率最高（p < 0.01），而在III年龄组中，催产素和I/U灌洗治疗的妊娠和产驹率良好（p < 0.01）。
对于年龄较小的母马组（5 - 10岁），全身肌肉注射催产素治疗是理想的。然而，无论年龄组如何，所有母马在配种后4小时接受全身肌肉注射催产素和用0.9%生理盐水进行I/U灌洗治疗后，均表现出较高的妊娠和产驹率。
