Mohan Sumit, Viswanath Butta, Thakur Jyoti, Tekriwal Shweta, Singh Anubhuti, Jaiswal Rima
Department of Conservative, Endodontics and Aesthetic Dentistry, Dental Institute, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2021 Nov;13(Suppl 2):S993-S996. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_148_21. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental dental anomalies in the East Indian subpopulation.
The study was based on clinical examination, evaluation of dental casts, and radiographs of 2385 Indian patients (1169 males and 1216 females), who visited Dental Institute, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. These patients were examined for shape anomalies, number anomalies, structural anomalies, and positional anomalies.
It was observed that 5.83% of patients reported with a dental anomaly. Males reported with higher incidence with a male-to-female ratio of 1: 0.96. Microdontia was the most common anomaly. Unilateral microdontia was more common than bilateral and was more prominent in males (9.05%). It was observed that peg laterals were frequently encountered developmental anomaly at 1.34%, while the incidence of amelogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta was 0.29% and 0.33%, respectively. The present demography reported a very low incidence of dens, fusion, hyperdontia, hypodontia, and macrodontia at <0.01%, whereas anomalies such as transportation, transmigration, and hypodontia of the maxillary molar reported no prevalence.
The percentage of dental anomalies although low should be treated as soon as possible to avoid further complications. The results of our study can serve as an indicator to ascertain the pattern of dental anomalies in Jharkhand. This might help to plan the dental treatment of the community.
本研究旨在确定东印度亚人群中牙齿发育异常的患病率。
本研究基于对2385名印度患者（1169名男性和1216名女性）的临床检查、牙模评估和X光片检查，这些患者前往兰契的拉金德拉医学科学研究所牙科学院就诊。对这些患者进行了形态异常、数目异常、结构异常和位置异常的检查。
观察到5.83%的患者存在牙齿异常。男性报告的发病率较高，男女比例为1:0.96。过小牙是最常见的异常。单侧过小牙比双侧更常见，在男性中更突出（9.05%）。观察到钉状侧切牙是常见的发育异常，发生率为1.34%，而釉质发育不全和牙本质发育不全的发生率分别为0.29%和0.33%。目前的人口统计学报告显示，牙瘤、融合牙、多生牙、缺牙和过大牙的发生率极低，<0.01%，而上颌磨牙的移位、易位和缺牙等异常则未发现有患病率。
牙齿异常的百分比虽然较低，但应尽快治疗以避免进一步的并发症。我们的研究结果可作为确定贾坎德邦牙齿异常模式的指标。这可能有助于规划该社区的牙科治疗。
