Universidad de Antioquia, Departamento de Antropología, Calle 67, 53-108, 05-0010, Ciudad Universitaria Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Departamento de Geociencias y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Minas, Carrera 80, 65-223 (M2-319), 05-0034, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2022 Jan 10;94(1):e20201098. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201098. eCollection 2022.
This study realized the exhumation and transfer of human remains buried in the cemeteries at Orobajo, Barbacoas and La Fortuna (Municipality of Sabanalarga, Peque and Buriticá respectively) within the framework of "Social Management" of the Ituango Hydroelectric Project and the program Integral Restitution of Living Conditions for communities. Methods and techniques from bioanthropology, forensic sciences, archeology and Soil Sciences were used. Cemeteries were characterized by unconventional burials; moreover, documentation of tombs and burial practices were not generalized, nor did they show patterns. In the field assessment, 2,883 pit tests and soil probes using a penetrometer were carried out over a total area of 2,288 square meters. A total of 349 skeletonized human remains were exhumed, almost double of what was expected; of these, 180 were from Orabajo, 151 from Barbacoas, and 18 from La Fortuna. Though the remains showed a great deal of deterioration, age at death was determined for 59% of cases, and sex identified in 49%. Personal artifacts and clothing items were recovered along with the bones in many cases. Remains from Barbacoas and La Fortuna were given over to communities, and final dispositions were made in sites previously agreed upon (cemeteries in Peque, Buriticá and Sabanalarga respectively).
本研究在伊图安戈水电站“社会管理”项目和社区基本生活条件综合恢复方案框架内，对奥罗巴霍、巴巴科阿斯和拉福图纳（分别为萨巴纳拉尔加、佩克和布里蒂卡市的墓地）中埋葬的遗骸进行了挖掘和转移。本研究使用了来自生物人类学、法医学、考古学和土壤科学的方法和技术。这些墓地的特点是非常规埋葬；此外，坟墓和埋葬习俗的记录没有得到普及，也没有显示出任何模式。在实地评估中，在总面积为 2288 平方米的土地上进行了 2883 次坑探和使用 penetrometer 的土壤探针测试。共挖掘出 349 具骨骼遗骸，几乎是预期数量的两倍；其中，180 具来自奥罗巴霍，151 具来自巴巴科阿斯，18 具来自拉福图纳。尽管遗骸有大量的腐烂，但仍确定了 59%案例的死亡年龄，并鉴定了 49%案例的性别。在许多情况下，在骨头旁边还发现了个人文物和衣物。巴巴科阿斯和拉福图纳的遗骸被移交给社区，并在事先商定的地点（分别为佩克、布里蒂卡和萨巴纳拉尔加的墓地）进行了最终处置。
