Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Insetário G. W. G. Moraes, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil.
Braz J Biol. 2022 Jan 5;84:e253218. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.253218. eCollection 2022.
Indices are used to help on decision-making. This study aims to develop and test an index, which can determine the loss (e.g., herbivorous insects) and solution (e.g., natural enemies) sources. They will be classified according to their importance regarding the ability to damage or to reduce the source of damage to the system when the final production is unknown. Acacia auriculiformis (Fabales: Fabaceae), a non-native pioneer species in Brazil with fast growth and rusticity, is used in restoration programs, and it is adequate to evaluate a new index. The formula was: Percentage of the Importance Indice-Production Unknown (% I.I.-PU) = [(ks1 x c1 x ds1)/Σ (ks1 x c1 x ds1) + (ks2 x c2 x ds2) + (ksn x cn x dsn)] x 100. The loss sources Aethalion reticulatum L., 1767 (Hemiptera: Aethalionidae), Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera), Stereoma anchoralis Lacordaire, 1848 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), and Tettigoniidae, and solution sources Uspachus sp. (Araneae: Salticidae), Salticidae (Araneae), and Pseudomyrmex termitarius (Smith, 1877) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) showed the highest % I.I.-PU on leaves of A. auriculiformis saplings. The number of Diabrotica speciosa Germar, 1824 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) was reduced per number of Salticidae; that of A. reticulatum that of Uspachus sp.; and that of Cephalocoema sp. (Orthoptera: Proscopiidae) that of P. termitarius on A. auriculiformis saplings. However, the number of Aleyrodidae was increased per number of Cephalotes sp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and that of A. reticulatum that of Brachymyrmex sp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on A. auriculiformis saplings. The A. reticulatum damage was reduced per number of Uspachus sp., but the Aleyrodidae damage was increased per number of Cephalotes sp., totaling 23.81% of increase by insect damages on A. auriculiformis saplings. Here I show and test the % I.I.-PU. It is an new index that can detect the loss or solution sources on a system when production is unknown. It can be applied in some knowledge areas.
指数被用来帮助决策。本研究旨在开发和测试一个指数，可以确定损失（如食草昆虫）和解决方案（如天敌）的来源。它们将根据其在损害系统的能力方面的重要性进行分类，当最终产量未知时，这种能力可以损害或减少来源。金合欢（Fabales：Fabaceae）是巴西的一种非本地先锋物种，生长迅速，具有抗逆性，被用于恢复计划，非常适合评估新指数。公式为：未知产量重要性指数百分比（% I.I.-PU）= [(ks1 x c1 x ds1)/Σ (ks1 x c1 x ds1) + (ks2 x c2 x ds2) + (ksn x cn x dsn)] x 100。损失源 Aethalion reticulatum L.，1767（半翅目：Aethalionidae）、粉虱科（Hemiptera）、Stereoma anchoralis Lacordaire，1848（鞘翅目： Chrysomelidae）和 Tettigoniidae，以及解决方案来源 Uspachus sp.（蜘蛛目：Salticidae）、蜘蛛目（Araneae）和 Pseudomyrmex termitarius（Smith，1877）（膜翅目：Formicidae）在金合欢幼树叶片上表现出最高的 % I.I.-PU。Diabrotica speciosa Germar，1824（鞘翅目：Chrysomelidae）的数量减少了 Salticidae 的数量；A. reticulatum 的数量减少了 Uspachus sp.的数量；Cephalocoema sp.（直翅目：Proscopiidae）的数量减少了 P. termitarius 的数量。然而，Aleyrodidae 的数量增加了 Cephalotes sp.（膜翅目：Formicidae）的数量，A. reticulatum 的数量增加了 Brachymyrmex sp.（膜翅目：Formicidae）的数量，在金合欢幼树上。A. reticulatum 的损害减少了 Uspachus sp.的数量，但 Aleyrodidae 的损害增加了 Cephalotes sp.的数量，总计增加了 23.81%的昆虫对金合欢幼树的损害。在这里，我展示和测试了 % I.I.-PU。这是一种新的指数，可以在系统的产量未知时检测到损失或解决方案的来源。它可以应用于一些知识领域。
