Dermatitis. 2022;33(1):16-30. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000839.
There is overwhelming evidence that many delayed cutaneous adverse drug reactions (beginning >6 hours after drug intake) are mediated by delayed-type (type IV) hypersensitivity, including maculopapular eruptions, erythroderma, symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema/baboon syndrome, eczematous eruptions, fixed drug eruptions, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms/drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome. Therefore, after resolution of the reaction, patch tests should be performed as first diagnostic method to identify the culprit drug(s). This article provides tools to perform drug patch tests properly and safely, discussing clinical history, indications, procedure, drug patch test materials, sensitivity, the meaning of negative patch tests, and safety of the procedure. In addition, a literature review of eruptions and culprit drugs is provided in tabular format.
有大量证据表明，许多迟发性皮肤不良反应（开始>6 小时后）是由迟发型（IV 型）超敏反应介导的，包括斑丘疹、红皮病、对称药物相关间擦疹和褶皱疹/狒狒综合征、湿疹样皮疹、固定性药疹、急性泛发性发疹性脓疱病和药物反应伴嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状/药物诱导的超敏反应综合征。因此，在反应消退后，应作为首选诊断方法进行斑贴试验，以确定罪魁祸首药物。本文提供了正确和安全地进行药物斑贴试验的工具，讨论了临床病史、适应证、程序、药物斑贴试验材料、敏感性、阴性斑贴试验的意义以及程序的安全性。此外，还以表格形式提供了关于皮疹和罪魁祸首药物的文献综述。
