Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, 00185, Rome, Italy.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2022 Apr;57(4):683-694. doi: 10.1007/s00127-022-02222-0. Epub 2022 Jan 20.
The burden of mental health and substance use disorders among Italian young people have not yet been presented in detail, despite adolescents and young adults aged between 10 and 24 years constitute 14.5% of the Italian population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to provide data on the health burden of mental health and substance use disorders among young people (10-24 years) in Italy between 1990 and 2019.
Ecological study design using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Age- and sex-specific prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) of mental health and substance use disorders with the uncertainty intervals were reported as well as their percentual changes between 1990 and 2019.
Prevalence and YLDs rates of mental health and substance use disorders showed negative trends overall between 1990 and 2019. However, diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity, autism spectrum, conduct and eating (among males) disorders increased as well as cocaine use disorder. The highest levels of disability in terms of YLDs were due to anxiety, depressive, conduct and eating disorders and alcohol use, amphetamine use and opioid use disorders. The disease burden was higher in middle-late adolescence and young adulthood than early adolescence, among females than males for mental health disorders and among males compared to females for substance use disorders.
Findings of the study highlighted disorder-specific patterns of prevalence and YLDs rates and were discussed considering previous research. The public health system should continuously sustain mental health promotion and prevention efforts in young people.
尽管 10 至 24 岁的青少年和年轻人占意大利总人口的 14.5%，但意大利年轻人（10-24 岁）的心理健康和物质使用障碍负担尚未详细呈现，因此，本研究旨在提供意大利年轻人（10-24 岁）心理健康和物质使用障碍的健康负担数据。
本研究使用 2019 年全球疾病负担研究的数据，采用生态研究设计。报告了心理健康和物质使用障碍的年龄和性别特异性患病率和残疾年数（YLD）及其在 1990 年至 2019 年之间的百分比变化，并报告了它们的不确定性区间。
1990 年至 2019 年期间，心理健康和物质使用障碍的患病率和 YLDs 率总体呈下降趋势。然而，注意力缺陷/多动、自闭症谱系、品行和饮食（男性）障碍以及可卡因使用障碍的诊断有所增加。就 YLDs 而言，残疾程度最高的是焦虑、抑郁、品行和饮食障碍以及酒精、安非他命和阿片类物质使用障碍。与青少年早期相比，中晚期青少年和青年的疾病负担更高，女性的心理健康障碍比男性更严重，男性的物质使用障碍比女性更严重。
本研究的发现强调了特定疾病的患病率和 YLDs 率模式，并结合以往的研究进行了讨论。公共卫生系统应持续支持年轻人的心理健康促进和预防工作。
