Wu Yiqian, Huang Ziliang, Harrison Reed, Liu Longwei, Zhu Linshan, Situ Yinglin, Wang Yingxiao
Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
APL Bioeng. 2022 Jan 18;6(1):011502. doi: 10.1063/5.0073746. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Despite its success in treating hematologic malignancies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy faces two major challenges which hinder its broader applications: the limited effectiveness against solid tumors and the nonspecific toxicities. To address these concerns, researchers have used synthetic biology approaches to develop optimization strategies. In this review, we discuss recent improvements on the CAR and other non-CAR molecules aimed to enhance CAR T cell efficacy and safety. We also highlight the development of different types of inducible CAR T cells that can be controlled by environmental cues and/or external stimuli. These advancements are bringing CAR T therapy one step closer to safer and wider applications, especially for solid tumors.
尽管嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞疗法在治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤方面取得了成功，但它面临着两个阻碍其更广泛应用的主要挑战：对实体瘤的有效性有限以及非特异性毒性。为了解决这些问题，研究人员采用合成生物学方法来制定优化策略。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了针对CAR和其他非CAR分子的最新改进，旨在提高CAR T细胞的疗效和安全性。我们还强调了不同类型可诱导CAR T细胞的发展，这些细胞可以由环境线索和/或外部刺激控制。这些进展使CAR T疗法更接近更安全、更广泛的应用，尤其是对于实体瘤。
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