Sun Baoyu, Jiang Ming, Han Guangxuan, Zhang Liwen, Zhou Jian, Bian Chenyu, Du Ying, Yan Liming, Xia Jianyang
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200000, China.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264000, China.
Sci Adv. 2022 Jan 28;8(4):eabl9526. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abl9526. Epub 2022 Jan 26.
Climate warming and extreme hydrological events are threatening the sustainability of wetlands across the globe. However, whether climate warming will amplify or diminish the impact of extreme flooding on wetland ecosystems is unknown. Here, we show that climate warming significantly reduced wetland resistance and resilience to a severe flooding event via a 6-year warming experiment. We first found that warming rapidly altered plant community structure by increasing the dominance of low-canopy species. Then, we showed that warming reduced the resistance and resilience of vegetation productivity to a 72-cm flooding event. Last, we detected slower postflooding carbon processes, such as gross ecosystem productivity, soil respiration, and soil methane emission, under the warming treatment. Our results demonstrate how severe flooding can destabilize wetland vegetation structure and ecosystem function under climate warming. These findings indicate an enhanced footprint of extreme hydrological events in wetland ecosystems in a warmer climate.
气候变暖和极端水文事件正威胁着全球湿地的可持续性。然而，气候变暖会增强还是减弱极端洪水对湿地生态系统的影响尚不清楚。在此，我们通过一项为期6年的变暖实验表明，气候变暖显著降低了湿地对严重洪水事件的抵抗力和恢复力。我们首先发现，变暖通过增加低冠层物种的优势度迅速改变了植物群落结构。然后，我们表明，变暖降低了植被生产力对72厘米洪水事件的抵抗力和恢复力。最后，我们检测到在变暖处理下，洪水后碳过程（如生态系统总生产力、土壤呼吸和土壤甲烷排放）的速度较慢。我们的结果表明了在气候变暖的情况下，严重洪水如何破坏湿地植被结构和生态系统功能的稳定性。这些发现表明，在气候变暖的情况下，极端水文事件在湿地生态系统中的影响范围会扩大。
