Section of Ophthalmology and Division of Experimental Retinal Therapies, Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2022 May;25 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):136-143. doi: 10.1111/vop.12970. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
The purpose was to describe the in vivo microanatomy of typical and atypical chorioretinal and juxtapapillary colobomas in the dog.
Three cross-breed dogs were found to be affected with colobomas. Two of the cases were NEHJ1 homozygous and Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) affected and had the typical optic nerve head colobomas seen with the disease. The third case had an unexpected atypical coloboma. In vivo retinal photography and non-invasive retinal imaging by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were done, and the eye affected with the atypical coloboma was collected and processed for histopathological evaluation.
The majority of the defining features within the CEA defects were similar, with the extent of change to the choroid being of note. Similar to the first two cases, the atypical coloboma demonstrated absent normal retina, RPE, and choroid within the coloboma. Prominent intercalary membranes and vitreal strands attached to the depth of the coloboma were also apparent in all affected eyes. However, unlike the CEA-associated colobomas, the atypical coloboma possessed normal choroid surrounding the lesion and the depth of the lesion was apparent throughout.
Advanced retinal imaging enables the appreciation of microanatomical changes that occur in the living eye. The ability of OCT to enhance visualization of abnormal retinal structures and detect subtle neurosensory retinal defects has allowed for the in vivo characterization of features observed in typical and atypical colobomas, as well as the appreciation of some of the resulting structural changes not visible by ophthalmoscopy alone.
描述犬典型和非典型脉络膜视网膜和视盘旁裂的活体微观解剖结构。
发现三只杂交犬患有裂孔。其中两例为 NEHJ1 纯合子和牧羊犬眼异常（CEA）受累，具有该疾病常见的视神经头裂孔。第三例为意外的非典型裂孔。进行了活体视网膜摄影和共焦扫描激光检眼镜（cSLO）和光学相干断层扫描（OCT）的非侵入性视网膜成像，收集并处理了受非典型裂孔影响的眼睛进行组织病理学评估。
CEA 缺陷中的大多数特征相似，脉络膜的变化程度值得注意。与前两例相似，非典型裂孔显示出裂孔内正常的视网膜、RPE 和脉络膜缺失。所有受影响的眼睛中还明显可见突出的中间膜和附着在裂孔深处的玻璃体束。然而，与 CEA 相关的裂孔不同，非典型裂孔周围的脉络膜正常，并且整个病变的深度均明显。
高级视网膜成像能够评估活体眼中发生的微观解剖变化。OCT 增强了对异常视网膜结构的可视化能力，并检测到细微的神经感觉视网膜缺陷，从而能够对典型和非典型裂孔中观察到的特征进行活体特征描述，并了解仅通过检眼镜无法看到的一些结构变化。
