Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India.
Dysphagia. 2022 Dec;37(6):1468-1481. doi: 10.1007/s00455-022-10409-5. Epub 2022 Jan 29.
Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an established treatment modality in adult patients with achalasia cardia. There are limited data regarding the efficacy and safety of POEM in pediatric achalasia. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to analyze the outcomes of POEM in children and adolescents with achalasia cardia. Literature search was performed in Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane database for studies evaluating the outcome of POEM in pediatric achalasia between January 2010 and March 2021. Primary objective of the study was clinical success (Eckardt ≤ 3). Secondary outcomes included technical success, procedure duration, adverse events , and gastroesophageal reflux after POEM. A total of 14 studies (419 children, 234 boys) were included in the review. The subtypes of achalasia were type I (30.6%), type II (63.8%), and type III (5.6%). Pooled rate of technical success was 97.1% (95% CI 94.5-98.5%; I = 0). Pooled clinical success in intention to treat and per-protocol population was 88% (95% CI 84.4-90.9%; I = 0) and 94.4% (95% CI 91.5-96.4%; I = 0), respectively. Post-POEM, pooled mean reduction in Eckardt scores was 6.71 (95% CI 6.14 7.28; p < 0.001; I = 81%). Pooled rate for overall adverse events was 12.9% (95% CI 7.4-21.7%; I 64.5%), major adverse events was 4.2% (95% CI 2.4-7.4%), and erosive esophagitis was 26.3% (95% CI 17.5-37.7%; I 51%). POEM is an effective procedure in children with achalasia. Future studies are required to determine the durability of response and comparative outcomes with other treatment modalities for achalasia.
经口内镜下肌切开术(POEM)是成人贲门失弛缓症的一种既定治疗方法。关于 POEM 在儿科贲门失弛缓症中的疗效和安全性的数据有限。在这项系统评价和荟萃分析中,我们旨在分析 POEM 在贲门失弛缓症儿童和青少年中的治疗效果。在 Embase、PubMed 和 Cochrane 数据库中进行了文献检索,以评估 2010 年 1 月至 2021 年 3 月期间 POEM 治疗儿科贲门失弛缓症的研究结果。研究的主要目的是临床疗效(Eckardt≤3)。次要结果包括技术成功率、手术时间、不良事件和 POEM 后胃食管反流。共纳入 14 项研究(419 例患儿,234 例男性)。贲门失弛缓症的亚型为 I 型(30.6%)、II 型(63.8%)和 III 型(5.6%)。技术成功率的汇总率为 97.1%(95%CI 94.5-98.5%;I=0)。意向治疗和方案人群的临床成功率分别为 88%(95%CI 84.4-90.9%;I=0)和 94.4%(95%CI 91.5-96.4%;I=0)。POEM 后,Eckardt 评分的平均降低幅度为 6.71(95%CI 6.14-7.28;p<0.001;I=81%)。总体不良事件发生率为 12.9%(95%CI 7.4-21.7%;I 64.5%),主要不良事件发生率为 4.2%(95%CI 2.4-7.4%),腐蚀性食管炎发生率为 26.3%(95%CI 17.5-37.7%;I 51%)。POEM 是治疗贲门失弛缓症儿童的有效方法。未来需要研究来确定反应的持久性以及与其他治疗方法的比较结果。