Riley Hospital for Children and Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA.
Pediatr Rev. 2022 Feb 1;43(2):61-70. doi: 10.1542/pir.2020-004275.
Previously, medical diets, including the ketogenic and gluten-free diets, were rare outside of their target population. Subspecialists more familiar with risks and benefits often managed nutrition and any associated shortcomings. With more patients electively following a gluten-free or ketogenic diet for nonmedical needs, as well as the increasing prevalence of vegetarian diets, general pediatricians are seeing more followers of restrictive diets with general well-child care. Increasingly, general pediatricians can be the first provider to witness presenting signs or symptoms of associated nutritional deficiencies. This article reviews signs and symptoms of possible nutrient deficiencies seen with the vegetarian, ketogenic, and gluten-free diets.
先前，医学饮食法，包括生酮饮食法和无麸质饮食法，在其目标人群之外都很少见。营养方面的管理和任何相关的不足通常由更熟悉风险和益处的亚专科医生来管理。随着越来越多的患者出于非医学需求而选择无麸质或生酮饮食，以及素食饮食的日益普及，普通儿科医生在进行常规儿童保健时会遇到越来越多遵循限制饮食的患者。普通儿科医生越来越有可能成为第一个发现与相关营养缺乏有关的体征或症状的医生。本文回顾了素食、生酮和无麸质饮食中可能出现的营养缺乏的体征和症状。
