Tsiang H, de la Porte S, Ambroise D J, Derer M, Koenig J
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1986 Jan;45(1):28-42. doi: 10.1097/00005072-198601000-00003.
Rabies virus multiplication was investigated in cultured primary rat myotubes and neurons. The susceptibility of these two cell types to fixed rabies challenge virus strain (CVS) was monitored by fluorescence and virus titration. Differentiated rat myotubes were susceptible to rabies virus infection, and showed an increasing accumulation of viral material from day one to day four. However, these cells did not release infective viral particles, nor did they accumulate infectious virions in the cytoplasm. In contrast, infected neurons released large amounts of infectious particles. Electron microscopy observation of infected myotubes showed minor alterations and the presence of typical viral inclusions in the cytoplasm without mature virions assembling viral membranes. Competition binding experiments show that alpha-bungarotoxin inhibits rabies virus infection from 10(-5) to 10(-7) M, whereas lower toxin concentrations failed to have any effect. These data do not confirm the hypothesis of a fixed rabies virus amplification step at the site of the viral entry. On the other hand, the high susceptibility of peripheral neurons to rabies virus infection is an argument for the direct uptake of virions by these cells. The restrictive viral multiplication in the myotubes is an alternative explanation for the local persistence of rabies virus at the site of inoculation.
在原代培养的大鼠肌管和神经元中研究了狂犬病病毒的增殖。通过荧光和病毒滴定监测这两种细胞类型对固定狂犬病攻击病毒株（CVS）的易感性。分化的大鼠肌管对狂犬病病毒感染敏感，并且从第一天到第四天病毒物质的积累不断增加。然而，这些细胞没有释放出感染性病毒颗粒，也没有在细胞质中积累感染性病毒粒子。相比之下，受感染的神经元释放出大量感染性颗粒。对受感染肌管的电子显微镜观察显示有轻微改变，并且在细胞质中存在典型的病毒包涵体，但没有成熟病毒粒子装配病毒膜。竞争结合实验表明，α-银环蛇毒素在10^(-5)至10^(-7) M浓度下抑制狂犬病病毒感染，而较低浓度的毒素则没有任何作用。这些数据不支持狂犬病病毒在病毒进入部位存在固定扩增步骤的假设。另一方面，外周神经元对狂犬病病毒感染的高易感性支持了这些细胞直接摄取病毒粒子的观点。肌管中有限的病毒增殖是狂犬病病毒在接种部位局部持续存在的另一种解释。
