Baskar Arun V, Bolan Nanthi, Hoang Son A, Sooriyakumar Prasanthi, Kumar Manish, Singh Lal, Jasemizad Tahereh, Padhye Lokesh P, Singh Gurwinder, Vinu Ajayan, Sarkar Binoy, Kirkham M B, Rinklebe Jörg, Wang Shengsen, Wang Hailong, Balasubramanian Rajasekhar, Siddique Kadambot H M
The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 May 20;822:153555. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153555. Epub 2022 Jan 30.
Adsorption is the most widely adopted, effective, and reliable treatment process for the removal of inorganic and organic contaminants from wastewater. One of the major issues with the adsorption-treatment process for the removal of contaminants from wastewater streams is the recovery and sustainable management of spent adsorbents. This review focuses on the effectiveness of emerging adsorbents and how the spent adsorbents could be recovered, regenerated, and further managed through reuse or safe disposal. The critical analysis of both conventional and emerging adsorbents on organic and inorganic contaminants in wastewater systems are evaluated. The various recovery and regeneration techniques of spent adsorbents including magnetic separation, filtration, thermal desorption and decomposition, chemical desorption, supercritical fluid desorption, advanced oxidation process and microbial assisted adsorbent regeneration are discussed in detail. The current challenges for the recovery and regeneration of adsorbents and the methodologies used for solving those problems are covered. The spent adsorbents are managed through regeneration for reuse (such as soil amendment, capacitor, catalyst/catalyst support) or safe disposal involving incineration and landfilling. Sustainable management of spent adsorbents, including processes involved in the recovery and regeneration of adsorbents for reuse, is examined in the context of resource recovery and circular economy. Finally, the review ends with the current drawbacks in the recovery and management of the spent adsorbents and the future directions for the economic and environmental feasibility of the system for industrial-scale application.
吸附是从废水中去除无机和有机污染物最广泛采用、有效且可靠的处理工艺。废水流中污染物吸附处理工艺的主要问题之一是废吸附剂的回收和可持续管理。本综述重点关注新型吸附剂的有效性，以及废吸附剂如何通过再利用或安全处置进行回收、再生和进一步管理。评估了传统和新型吸附剂对废水系统中有机和无机污染物的批判性分析。详细讨论了废吸附剂的各种回收和再生技术，包括磁分离、过滤、热解吸和分解、化学解吸、超临界流体解吸、高级氧化工艺和微生物辅助吸附剂再生。涵盖了吸附剂回收和再生的当前挑战以及用于解决这些问题的方法。废吸附剂通过再生进行管理以实现再利用（如土壤改良、电容器、催化剂/催化剂载体）或进行包括焚烧和填埋在内的安全处置。在资源回收和循环经济的背景下，研究了废吸附剂的可持续管理，包括吸附剂回收和再生以实现再利用所涉及的过程。最后，综述以废吸附剂回收和管理中的当前缺点以及该系统在工业规模应用中的经济和环境可行性的未来方向结束。
