Hatoum H T, Catizone C, Hutchinson R A, Purohit A
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1986 Jan;20(1):33-48. doi: 10.1177/106002808602000105.
The primary objectives of the article were accomplished by providing both a bibliography of articles dealing with clinical pharmacy services in acute-care facilities and summaries of those constituting original research reports on clinical pharmacy services. However, in the process, we made the following interesting observations. We found that articles reporting impacts on cost, quality, and attitude numbered 48, 58, and 24, respectively. Most articles relating to drug therapy monitoring, with minor exceptions, dealt with either the quality or cost-savings impact or a combination of both. Also, articles concerning drug therapy monitoring comprised almost half of all those summarized (40 articles). Articles detailing drug information and education (category 2) numbered 28 and dealt mainly with attitudes or quality impacts with minor reference to cost-savings. It was also interesting, albeit expected, to observe that the bulk of attitudinal studies fell in category 2. We found category 5, controlling medication administration, had 13 articles, primarily concerned with cost and or quality. Category 4, reporting and detection of adverse drug reactions, contained a total of eight articles mainly studying the impact on quality. The other categories contained very few, if any, articles. From these results, it is evident that the profession has made significant strides in building a strong scientific data base to support the value of its clinical services. However, there is ample room for additional original research reports. Although it can be argued that alone many of the studies could not justify clinical pharmacy as cost-effective, organized as one reference they provide an invaluable resource. Although it might be unreasonable to expect each pharmacy department to be able to cost-justify its existence, this work presents the background data needed to begin or develop such efforts.
本文的主要目标是通过提供一份关于急症护理机构临床药学服务的文章书目以及那些构成临床药学服务原创研究报告的摘要来实现的。然而，在此过程中，我们有以下有趣的发现。我们发现，报告对成本、质量和态度有影响的文章分别有48篇、58篇和24篇。大多数与药物治疗监测相关的文章，除了少数例外，要么涉及质量影响或成本节约影响，要么两者兼而有之。此外，关于药物治疗监测的文章几乎占所有摘要文章的一半（40篇）。详细介绍药物信息和教育的文章（第2类）有28篇，主要涉及态度或质量影响，对成本节约略有提及。观察到大部分态度研究属于第2类，这虽然在意料之中，但也很有趣。我们发现第5类，即控制药物给药，有13篇文章，主要关注成本和/或质量。第4类，即药物不良反应的报告和检测，共有8篇文章，主要研究对质量的影响。其他类别即使有文章也非常少。从这些结果可以明显看出，该专业在建立强大的科学数据库以支持其临床服务价值方面取得了重大进展。然而，仍有大量空间用于更多的原创研究报告。虽然可以说许多研究单独来看无法证明临床药学具有成本效益，但作为一个参考集合起来，它们提供了宝贵的资源。虽然期望每个药房部门都能从成本角度证明其存在的合理性可能不合理，但这项工作提供了开展或推进此类工作所需的背景数据。
