Illescas F F, Braun S D, Cohan R H, Bowie J D, Dunnick N R
Gastrointest Radiol. 1986;11(1):77-80. doi: 10.1007/BF02035037.
Five patients with CT or ultrasound-proven nondilated intrahepatic biliary radicles underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic transcholecystocholangiography (PTHTCC) for visualization of the biliary tree following failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. In no instance were more than 2 passes of a 22-gauge needle necessary to enter the gallbladder. Visualization of the biliary tree was excellent in all cases, and there were no complications. Therefore, PTHTCC is a safe and reliable method of visualizing the nondilated biliary tree.