Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
BMJ Open. 2022 Feb 2;12(2):e049923. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049923.
Humanitarian migrants often suffer from poor health, including oral health. Reasons for their oral health conditions include difficult migration trajectories, poor nutrition and limited financial resources. Oral health promotion is crucial for improving oral health-related quality of life of humanitarian migrants. While community-level oral health promotion programmes for humanitarian migrants have been implemented (eg, in host countries and refugee camps), there is scant literature evaluating their transferability or effectiveness. Given that these programmes yield unique context-specific outcomes, the purpose of this study is to understand how community-level oral health promotion programmes for humanitarian migrants work, in which contexts and why.
Realist review, a theory-driven literature review methodology, incorporates a causal heuristic called context-mechanism-outcome configurations to explain how programmes work, for whom, and under which conditions. Using Pawson's five steps of realist review (clarifying scope and drafting an initial programme theory; identifying relevant studies; quality appraisal and data extraction; data synthesis; and dissemination of findings), we begin by developing an initial programme theory using the references of a scoping review on the oral health of refugees and asylum seekers and through hand searching in Google Scholar. Following stakeholder validation of our initial programme theory, we will locate additional evidence by searching in four databases (Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Library and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)) to test and refine our initial programme theory into a middle-range realist programme theory. The resultant theory will explain how community-level oral health promotion programmes for humanitarian migrants work, for whom, in which contexts and why.
Since this study is a review and no primary data collection will be involved, institutional ethics approval is not required. The findings of this study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, local and international conferences, and via social media.
CRD42021226085.
人道主义移民常患有健康问题，包括口腔健康问题。其口腔健康状况的原因包括移民轨迹艰难、营养不良和有限的经济资源。促进口腔健康对提高人道主义移民的口腔健康相关生活质量至关重要。虽然已经实施了针对人道主义移民的社区一级口腔健康促进方案（例如在东道国和难民营中），但评估其可转移性或有效性的文献却很少。鉴于这些方案产生了独特的特定于背景的结果，本研究旨在了解针对人道主义移民的社区一级口腔健康促进方案是如何运作的，在哪些情况下以及为什么运作。
真实主义综述是一种理论驱动的文献综述方法，它结合了一种称为“情境-机制-结果配置”的因果启发式方法，以解释方案如何运作、针对谁以及在哪些条件下运作。我们将使用 Pawson 的真实主义综述五步法（澄清范围并起草初步方案理论；确定相关研究；质量评估和数据提取；数据综合；以及研究结果的传播），首先通过对难民和寻求庇护者口腔健康的范围综述参考文献以及在 Google Scholar 中手动搜索，制定初步方案理论。在利益相关者验证我们的初步方案理论后，我们将通过在四个数据库（Ovid Medline、Ovid Embase、Cochrane 图书馆和 Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)）中搜索，找到更多证据，以测试和完善我们的初步方案理论，形成一个中等范围的真实主义方案理论。该理论将解释针对人道主义移民的社区一级口腔健康促进方案如何运作、针对谁、在哪些情况下以及为什么运作。
由于本研究是一项综述，不会涉及原始数据收集，因此不需要机构伦理批准。本研究的结果将在同行评议期刊、本地和国际会议以及社交媒体上发表。
CRD42021226085。
