World Health Organization (WHO) Nigeria Country Office, UN House, Plot 617/618, Diplomatic Drive, Central Business District, PMB 2861, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria.
Oyo State COVID-19 Emergency Operation Center, Ministry of Health, Yemetu, Ibadan, Nigeria.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Feb 4;22(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12675-2.
COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has evolved into a pandemic. Oyo state, Nigeria with a population of 9,233,010, recorded the first case of COVID-19 on the 12th of March 2020 and it is among the highest contributing States to the nation's burden of the disease with 3267 confirmed cases, including 40 deaths as of date, with an overall test positivity rate of 18.1%, far higher compared to the National average within a limited period from recorded index case. A 'Hotspot strategy' was designed by the Presidential Task Force on COVID-19 and Oyo State was selected to implement the strategy through upscaling case detection, isolation and treatment, quarantine of contacts and strengthening public health and social measures.
We used a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 3 identified hotspot Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Oyo State using mobile phones under Surveillance, Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS) platform to collect data from October to December 2020. Interventions comprised of enhanced active case search, contact line listing, contact investigation, and contact follow-up as well as to facilitate data collection and entry, community sensitization and management of alert/rumors. Baseline information and that after the 3-month period was then analyzed with the descriptive statistics presented.
The implementation of the hotspot strategy was shown to have had a major impact in Irepo LGA, where more than a 100% increase in samples tested, confirmed cases, contacts listed and contacts followed were recorded, while there were no significance changes noticed in Ibadan North and Lagelu LGAs. However, test positivity rates among contacts were found to be quite high in Ibadan North LGA (48%), compared to the other two, even though Lagelu LGA (5.7%) tested more contacts than Ibadan North.
The observed increase in number of samples tested, cases confirmed, contact listed and investigated as well as test positivity rate in the 3 LGAs after the intervention implies that the hotspot strategy can be said to have contributed positively to the sensitivity of COVID-19 surveillance in Oyo State, Nigeria. This implies that strengthening this 'hotspot strategy' may be a key area of focus to improve COVID-19 surveillance sensitivity and response and in turn may help in breaking the transmission and bringing the pandemic to a halt.
由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的 COVID-19 已演变成一种大流行疾病。尼日利亚奥约州拥有 9233010 人口，于 2020 年 3 月 12 日记录到第一例 COVID-19 病例，该州是该国疾病负担最高的州之一，确诊病例 3267 例，包括 40 例死亡病例，总检测阳性率为 18.1%，远高于全国平均水平。总统 COVID-19 特别工作组设计了“热点策略”，奥约州被选中通过扩大病例检测、隔离和治疗、接触者隔离和加强公共卫生和社会措施来实施该策略。
我们使用移动电话在奥约州 3 个已确定的热点地方政府区（LGA）下使用描述性横断面调查，使用 Surveillance、Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System（SORMAS）平台收集 2020 年 10 月至 12 月的数据。干预措施包括加强主动病例搜索、接触者清单、接触者调查和接触者随访，以及促进数据收集和录入、社区宣传和警报/谣言管理。然后用描述性统计方法分析基线信息和 3 个月后的信息。
热点策略的实施对 Irepo LGA 产生了重大影响，样本检测、确诊病例、接触者清单和接触者随访的数量都增加了 100%以上，而 Ibadan North 和 Lagelu LGA 则没有明显变化。然而，在 Ibadan North LGA，接触者的检测阳性率（48%）相当高，而其他两个 LGA 的检测阳性率分别为 Lagelu LGA（5.7%）和 Ibadan North（5.7%）。
干预后 3 个 LGA 的样本检测数量、确诊病例、接触者清单和调查数量以及检测阳性率的增加表明，热点策略可以说是对尼日利亚奥约州 COVID-19 监测的敏感性做出了积极贡献。这意味着加强这一“热点策略”可能是提高 COVID-19 监测敏感性和反应能力的关键领域，从而有助于阻断传播并使大流行结束。
