Department of Biological & Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, USA; Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Italy.
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Italy.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Mar;348:126799. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126799. Epub 2022 Feb 2.
Hydrothermal carbonization is a thermochemical process that converts wet waste biomass into hydrochar, a renewable solid fuel that comprises a coal-like primary phase and an oily secondary phase. The varying oxidation rates of these phases may result in an inefficient energy recovery when combusting the hydrochar, as secondary char is more reactive. Brewer's spent grain, dairy cheese whey and food waste were hydrothermally carbonized at 250 °C. The hydrochars were extracted using six solvents to evaluate the hydrochar partitioning between primary and secondary char phases. Feedstock nature and solvent selection impact the amount and composition of these phases detected. For lipid-rich feedstocks, ethanol extracts up to 50 wt% secondary char enriched in liquid fuel precursors from a solid primary char with enhanced coal-like characteristics. For substrates rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and lignocellulose, less secondary char is produced. Acetone and dichloromethane remove the oily secondary char and maximize primary char yield.
水热碳化是一种热化学过程，可将湿废物生物质转化为水炭，这是一种可再生的固体燃料，由类似煤炭的主相和油性的次相组成。当燃烧水炭时，这些相的不同氧化速率可能导致能量回收效率低下，因为次炭比主炭更具反应性。在 250°C 下对啤酒糟、乳清奶酪和食品废物进行水热碳化。使用六种溶剂对水炭进行萃取，以评估主要和次要炭相之间的水炭分配。原料性质和溶剂选择会影响检测到的这些相的数量和组成。对于富含脂质的原料，乙醇可从具有增强的煤炭特性的固体主相中提取高达 50wt%的富含液体燃料前体的次炭。对于富含碳水化合物、蛋白质和木质纤维素的基质，产生的次炭较少。丙酮和二氯甲烷可去除油性次炭，并最大限度地提高主炭的产率。
