Wang Xianping, Liu Yinzhan, Li Xin, He Shibin, Zhong Mingxing, Shang Fude
Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
School of Software Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jan 20;12:716071. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.716071. eCollection 2021.
Climate change greatly affects spring and autumn plant phenology around the world consequently, and significantly impacts ecosystem function and the social economy. However, autumn plant phenology, especially autumn flowering phenology, has not been studied so far. In this study, we examined the spatiotemporal pattern of phenology, including both leaf phenology (the date of bud-bust, BBD; first leaf unfolding, FLD; and 50% of leaf unfolding, 50 LD) and flowering phenology (the date of first flowering, FFD; peak of flowering, PFD; and end of flowering, EFD). Stepwise multiple linear regressions were employed to analyze the relationships between phenophases and climatic factors in the long term phenological data collected by the Chinese Phenological Observation Network from 1973 to 1996. The results showed that spring leaf phenophases and autumn flowering phenophases were strongly affected by latitude. BBD, FLD, and 50LD of were delayed by 3.98, 3.93, and 4.40 days as per degree of latitude increased, while FFD, PFD and EFD in advanced 3.11, 3.26, and 2.99 days, respectively. During the entire study period, BBD was significantly delayed across the region, whereas no significant trends were observed either in FLD or 50LD. Notably, all flowering phenophases of were delayed. Both leaf and flowering phenophases negatively correlated with growing degree-days (GDD) and cold degree-days (CDD), respectively. BBD and FLD were negatively correlated with total annual precipitation. In addition to the effects of climate on autumn flowering phenology, we found that earlier spring leaf phenophases led to delayed autumn flowering phenophases. Our results suggest that future climate change and global warming might delay the phenological sequence of Our findings also advanced the flowering mechanism study of autumn flowering plants, and facilitated the accurate prediction of future phenology and climate change.
气候变化极大地影响了全球范围内的春秋季植物物候，进而对生态系统功能和社会经济产生了重大影响。然而，秋季植物物候，尤其是秋季开花物候，目前尚未得到研究。在本研究中，我们研究了物候的时空格局，包括叶片物候（芽萌动日期，BBD；第一片叶子展开日期，FLD；以及50%叶子展开日期，50LD）和开花物候（首次开花日期，FFD；开花高峰期，PFD；以及开花结束日期，EFD）。利用逐步多元线性回归分析了中国物候观测网络在1973年至1996年收集的长期物候数据中物候阶段与气候因子之间的关系。结果表明，春季叶片物候阶段和秋季开花物候阶段受纬度影响较大。随着纬度每增加一度，的BBD、FLD和50LD分别延迟3.98天、3.93天和4.40天，而的FFD、PFD和EFD分别提前3.11天、3.26天和2.99天。在整个研究期间，该地区的BBD显著延迟，而FLD或50LD均未观察到显著趋势。值得注意的是，的所有开花物候阶段均延迟。叶片物候阶段和开花物候阶段分别与生长度日（GDD）和寒冷度日（CDD）呈负相关。BBD和FLD与年总降水量呈负相关。除了气候对秋季开花物候的影响外，我们还发现春季叶片物候提前会导致秋季开花物候延迟。我们的研究结果表明，未来的气候变化和全球变暖可能会延迟的物候顺序。我们的研究结果还推进了秋季开花植物的开花机制研究，并有助于准确预测未来的物候和气候变化。
