Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University (FIU), Miami, FL.
Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
J Biosoc Sci. 2023 Mar;55(2):260-274. doi: 10.1017/S0021932022000037. Epub 2022 Feb 7.
Few studies have utilized person-centered approaches to examine co-occurrence of risk factors among pregnant women in low-and middle-income settings. The objective of this study was to utilize latent class analysis (LCA) to identify sociodemographic patterns and assess the association of these patterns on preterm birth (PTB) and/or low birth weight (LBW) in rural Mysore District, India. Secondary data analysis of a prospective cohort study among 1540 pregnant women was conducted. Latent class analysis was performed to identify distinct group memberships based on a chosen set of sociodemographic factors. Binary logistic regression was conducted to estimate the association between latent classes and preterm birth and low birth weight. LCA yielded four latent classes. Women belonging to Class 1 "low socioeconomic status (SES)/early marriage/multigravida/1 child or more", had higher odds of preterm birth (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 1.77, 95% CI: 1.05-2.97) compared to women in Class 4 "high SES/later marriage/primigravida/no children". Women in Class 2 "low SES/later marriage/primigravida/no children" had higher odds of low birth weight (aOR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.51-4.22) compared to women in Class 4. Women less than 20 years old were twice as likely to have PTB compared to women aged 25 years and older (aOR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.08-3.71). Hypertension (>140/>90 mm/Hg) was a significant determinant of PTB (aOR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.02-5.07). Furthermore, women with a previous LBW infant had higher odds of delivering a subsequent LBW infant (aOR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.40-3.29). Overall study findings highlighted that woman belonging to low socioeconomic status, and multigravida women had increased odds of preterm birth and low birth weight infants. Targeted government programs are crucial in reducing inequalities in preterm births and low birth weight infants in rural Mysore, India.
很少有研究采用以人为中心的方法来研究中低收入国家孕妇风险因素的同时发生。本研究的目的是利用潜在类别分析（LCA）来确定社会人口统计学模式，并评估这些模式与早产（PTB）和/或低出生体重（LBW）在印度迈索尔农村地区的关联。对 1540 名孕妇进行的前瞻性队列研究的二次数据分析。基于一组选定的社会人口统计学因素，进行潜在类别分析以确定不同的群体归属。进行二元逻辑回归以估计潜在类别与早产和低出生体重之间的关联。LCA 产生了四个潜在类别。与属于第四类“高 SES/晚婚/初产妇/无子女”的妇女相比，属于第一类“低 SES/早婚/多产妇/一个或多个孩子”的妇女早产的可能性更高（调整后的优势比（aOR）：95%置信区间（CI）：1.77，95%CI：1.05-2.97）。与属于第四类的妇女相比，属于第二类“低 SES/晚婚/初产妇/无子女”的妇女低出生体重的可能性更高（aOR：2.52，95%CI：1.51-4.22）。与 25 岁及以上的妇女相比，年龄小于 20 岁的妇女早产的可能性是其两倍（aOR：2.00，95%CI：1.08-3.71）。高血压（>140/>90mmHg）是早产的重要决定因素（aOR：2.28，95%CI：1.02-5.07）。此外，有过 LBW 婴儿的妇女随后生育 LBW 婴儿的可能性更高（aOR：2.15，95%CI：1.40-3.29）。总体研究结果表明，属于低社会经济地位的妇女和多产妇的妇女早产和低出生体重婴儿的几率增加。在印度迈索尔农村地区，有针对性的政府计划对于减少早产和低出生体重婴儿的不平等现象至关重要。
