Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal.
BMC Med Educ. 2022 Feb 7;22(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12909-021-03094-9.
The influence of burnout, academic engagement, and their interaction in dropout intention among medical students should be further studied. Current research shows its consequences are relevant, however, there is little understanding on burnout and academic engagement moderation in dropout intention. The current study tested a model that relates the effects of coping strategies, social support satisfaction, general distress on academic engagement, burnout, and dropout intention, on medical students.
Through an online survey a non-probabilistic sample of one Medical Faculty's 1st- and 2nd-year students was recruited. Cross-sectional data were collected using psychometric instruments (Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey, Social Support Satisfaction Scale for College Students, Brief COPE Scale for College Students, University Student Engagement Inventory, and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale), sociodemographic and academic variables, and analyzed using structural equation modeling.
532 students (76% response rate) enrolled in the study. Latent variables structural model presented a satisfactory fit to the data and confirmed the expected negative path between burnout and dropout intention (β=0.430; p<.001) and the latent moderation burnout x engagement (β=-0.218; p<.001).
Academic engagement attenuates the impact of burnout on dropout intention, working as a protective factor. Social support satisfaction and adaptive coping are associated with increased levels of academic engagement, and general distress and maladaptive coping are associated with burnout. Medical Schools should develop interventions to prevent dropout intention, tackle students' stress and academic challenges, and develop their academic engagement levels.
burnout（职业倦怠）、学术投入及其相互作用对医学生的辍学意向的影响，需要进一步研究。目前的研究表明其后果是相关的，然而，对于 burnout（职业倦怠）和学术投入在辍学意向中的调节作用，人们的理解甚少。本研究测试了一个模型，该模型涉及应对策略、社会支持满意度、一般困扰对学术投入、 burnout（职业倦怠）和辍学意向的影响，涉及医学生。
通过在线调查，招募了一所医学院 1 年级和 2 年级学生的非概率样本。使用心理计量学工具（Maslach 职业倦怠量表-学生调查、大学生社会支持满意度量表、大学生简要应对量表、大学生参与量表和抑郁、焦虑和压力量表）收集横断面数据，并进行了结构方程建模分析。
532 名学生（76%的回应率）参与了研究。潜在变量结构模型与数据拟合良好，证实了 burnout（职业倦怠）与辍学意向之间预期的负向关系（β=0.430；p<.001），以及 burnout（职业倦怠）与学业投入的潜在调节作用（β=-0.218；p<.001）。
学术投入减弱了 burnout（职业倦怠）对辍学意向的影响，起到了保护作用。社会支持满意度和适应性应对与较高的学术投入水平相关，而一般困扰和不适应性应对与 burnout（职业倦怠）相关。医学院应该制定干预措施，以防止辍学意向，解决学生的压力和学业挑战，并提高他们的学术投入水平。
