2011-2018 年美国 8-19 岁青少年的种族和西班牙裔起源的体脂差异。
Body fat differences among US youth aged 8-19 by race and Hispanic origin, 2011-2018.
机构信息
Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, National Center for Health Statistics, CDC, Hyattsville, MD, USA.
Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA.
出版信息
Pediatr Obes. 2022 Jul;17(7):e12898. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12898. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
BACKGROUND
The association between body mass index (BMI) and adiposity differs by race/ethnicity.
OBJECTIVE
To examine differences in adiposity by race/Hispanic origin among US youth and explore how those differences relate to differences in BMI using the most recent national data, including non-Hispanic Asian youth.
METHODS
Weight, height and DXA-derived fat mass index (FMI) and percentage body fat (%BF) from 6923 youth 8-19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018 were examined. Age-adjusted mean BMI, FMI and %BF were reported. Sex-specific linear regression models predicting %BF and FMI were adjusted for age, BMI category and BMI category*race/Hispanic origin interaction.
RESULTS
%BF was highest among Hispanic males (28.2%) and females (35.7%). %BF was lower among non-Hispanic Black (23.9%) compared with non-Hispanic White (26.0%) and non-Hispanic Asian (26.6%) males. There was no difference between non-Hispanic Black females (32.7%) and non-Hispanic White (33.2%) or non-Hispanic Asian (32.7%) females. FMI was higher among Hispanic youth compared with non-Hispanic White youth. Among youth with underweight/healthy weight, predicted %BF and FMI were lower among non-Hispanic Black males (-2.8%; -0.5) and females (-2.0%; -0.3), compared with non-Hispanic White youth, and higher among Hispanic males (0.9%; 0.2) and females (2.0%; 0.5), while %BF but not FMI was higher among non-Hispanic Asian males (1.3%) and females (1.4%). Among females with obesity, non-Hispanic Asian females had lower %BF (-2.3%) and FMI (-1.7) than non-Hispanic White females.
CONCLUSIONS
Differences in %BF and FMI by race/Hispanic origin were not consistent by BMI category among US youth in 2011-2018.
背景
体重指数（BMI）与肥胖的关系因种族/族裔而异。
目的
利用最新的全国性数据，包括非西班牙裔亚裔青少年，研究美国青少年的种族/西班牙裔起源的肥胖差异，并探讨这些差异与 BMI 差异的关系。
方法
对国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）2011-2018 年期间的 6923 名 8-19 岁青少年的体重、身高和 DXA 衍生的脂肪质量指数（FMI）和体脂肪百分比（%BF）进行了研究。报告了年龄调整后的平均 BMI、FMI 和 %BF。性别特异性线性回归模型预测 %BF 和 FMI，调整了年龄、BMI 类别和 BMI 类别*种族/西班牙裔起源相互作用。
结果
西班牙裔男性（28.2%）和女性（35.7%）的 %BF 最高。与非西班牙裔白种人（26.0%）和非西班牙裔亚裔（26.6%）男性相比，非西班牙裔黑人（23.9%）男性的 %BF 较低。非西班牙裔黑人女性（32.7%）与非西班牙裔白种人（33.2%）或非西班牙裔亚裔（32.7%）女性之间没有差异。与非西班牙裔白人青少年相比，西班牙裔青少年的 FMI 更高。在体重不足/健康体重的青少年中，与非西班牙裔白人青少年相比，非西班牙裔黑人男性（-2.8%；-0.5）和女性（-2.0%；-0.3）的预测 %BF 和 FMI 较低，而西班牙裔男性（0.9%；0.2）和女性（2.0%；0.5）的预测 %BF 和 FMI 较高，而非西班牙裔亚裔男性（1.3%）和女性（1.4%）的 %BF 较高，但 FMI 则不然。在肥胖女性中，非西班牙裔亚裔女性的 %BF（-2.3%）和 FMI（-1.7%）低于非西班牙裔白人女性。
结论
2011-2018 年，美国青少年的 BMI 类别不同，种族/西班牙裔起源的 %BF 和 FMI 差异不一致。
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