Budiarto Yohanes, Helmi Avin Fadilla
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Tarumanagara, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Eur J Psychol. 2021 May 31;17(2):131-145. doi: 10.5964/ejop.2115. eCollection 2021 May.
Scholars agree that shame has many effects related to psychological functioning declines, and one among others is the fluctuation of self-esteem. However, the association between shame and self-esteem requires further studies. Heterogeneity studies due to different measurements, various sample characteristics, and potential missing research findings may result in uncertain conclusions. This study aimed to explore the relationship between shame and self-esteem by meta-analysis to come up with evidence of heterogeneity and publication bias of the study. Eighteen studies from the initial 235 articles involving the term shame and self-esteem were studied using the random-effects model. A total of 578 samples were included in the study. The overall effect size estimate between shame and self-esteem (r = -.64) indicates that shame correlates negatively with self-esteem and is large effect size. The result showed that heterogeneity study was found (I² = 95.093%). The Meta-regression showed that age moderated the relationship between shame and self-esteem (p = .002), while clinical sample characteristics (p = .232) and study quality (p = .184) did not affect the overall effect size.
学者们一致认为，羞耻感有许多与心理功能衰退相关的影响，其中之一就是自尊的波动。然而，羞耻感与自尊之间的关联需要进一步研究。由于测量方法不同、样本特征各异以及可能存在缺失的研究结果，异质性研究可能会得出不确定的结论。本研究旨在通过荟萃分析探讨羞耻感与自尊之间的关系，以找出研究中的异质性和发表偏倚的证据。使用随机效应模型对最初235篇涉及羞耻感和自尊的文章中的18项研究进行了分析。该研究共纳入了578个样本。羞耻感与自尊之间的总体效应量估计值（r = -0.64）表明，羞耻感与自尊呈负相关，且效应量较大。结果显示存在异质性研究（I² = 95.093%）。元回归分析表明，年龄调节了羞耻感与自尊之间的关系（p = 0.002），而临床样本特征（p = 0.232）和研究质量（p = 0.184）并未影响总体效应量。
