Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Centre de Recherches Environnementales, Agricoles et de Formation (CREAF) de Kamboinsé, Département Productions Animales (DPA), BP. 476, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Institut du Développement Rural (IDR), Université Nazi BONI, 01 B.P, 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2022 Feb 8;54(2):92. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03093-y.
The insufficiency and variability of pasture production is a determining factor in milk production, particularly in the Sahelian zone. The objective of this study was to characterize dairy production systems and their relationship with crops to meet livestock needs. It consisted of surveys of 120 farmers in four communes in the Séno province. The results show three groups of dairy farmers that are essentially differentiated by the main activity and the sex of the farmers as well as the size of the cattle herd on the farm. The first group is made of male agropastoralists, with herds averaging 12 cattle. Group 2 consists of male agropastoralists with an average of 22 cattle. Group 3 consists of female pastoralists (96.15%), with a herd size of about 19 head. The cows are fed on pasture and supplemented with crop residues and cottonseed cake. The supplementation is more important in group 2, where more farmers have hayloft for fodder conservation and manure pits compared to the other two groups. Crop residues are used primarily as feed in all groups from January to May. This supplementation allows the maintenance of milk production in the dry season and group 2, with more dairy cows, records more milk milked (6.5 and 3.8 l) and consumed in wet and dry seasons compared to the other two groups. The results suggest that the farmers in the area have low technical level and need capacity building in improved agro-pastoral production techniques to increase their production.
草原生产力的不足和变化是决定奶产量的一个因素，特别是在萨赫勒地区。本研究的目的是描述奶牛生产系统及其与作物的关系，以满足牲畜的需求。它包括对塞内省四个公社的 120 名农民进行调查。结果表明，有三组奶牛养殖户，主要通过主要活动和农民的性别以及农场的牛群规模来区分。第一组是男性农牧民，牛群平均有 12 头牛。第二组由男性农牧民组成，平均有 22 头牛。第三组由女性牧民（96.15%）组成，牛群规模约为 19 头。奶牛以牧草为食，辅以作物秸秆和棉籽饼。在第二组中，补充饲料更为重要，与其他两组相比，该组中有更多的农民有草料青贮棚和粪坑来储存饲料和粪便。在所有组中，从 1 月到 5 月，作物秸秆主要用作饲料。这种补充饲料允许在旱季维持牛奶产量，而奶牛数量更多的第二组在湿季和旱季的牛奶产量（6.5 和 3.8 升）和消耗量都高于其他两组。结果表明，该地区的农民技术水平较低，需要在改进的农牧生产技术方面进行能力建设，以提高他们的产量。
