SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种可诱导能够交叉识别 Alpha 到奥密克戎变体的免疫 T 细胞记忆。

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces immunological T cell memory able to cross-recognize variants from Alpha to Omicron.

机构信息

Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italy.

Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

出版信息

Cell. 2022 Mar 3;185(5):847-859.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.015. Epub 2022 Jan 24.

We address whether T cell responses induced by different vaccine platforms (mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.COV2.S, and NVX-CoV2373) cross-recognize early SARS-CoV-2 variants. T cell responses to early variants were preserved across vaccine platforms. By contrast, significant overall decreases were observed for memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies. In subjects ∼6 months post-vaccination, 90% (CD4) and 87% (CD8) of memory T cell responses were preserved against variants on average by AIM assay, and 84% (CD4) and 85% (CD8) preserved against Omicron. Omicron RBD memory B cell recognition was substantially reduced to 42% compared with other variants. T cell epitope repertoire analysis revealed a median of 11 and 10 spike epitopes recognized by CD4 and CD8 T cells, with average preservation > 80% for Omicron. Functional preservation of the majority of T cell responses may play an important role as a second-level defense against diverse variants.

我们研究了不同疫苗平台（mRNA-1273、BNT162b2、Ad26.COV2.S 和 NVX-CoV2373）诱导的 T 细胞反应是否能交叉识别早期 SARS-CoV-2 变体。疫苗平台之间，T 细胞对早期变体的反应得以保留。相比之下，记忆 B 细胞和中和抗体的总体水平显著下降。在接种疫苗后约 6 个月的受试者中，AIM 检测显示，平均有 90%（CD4）和 87%（CD8）的记忆 T 细胞反应对变体得到保留，对奥密克戎的保留率分别为 84%（CD4）和 85%（CD8）。与其他变体相比，奥密克戎 RBD 记忆 B 细胞的识别能力显著降低至 42%。T 细胞表位谱分析显示，CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞分别识别了 11 个和 10 个刺突表位，奥密克戎的平均保留率>80%。大多数 T 细胞反应的功能保留可能在作为针对多种变体的二级防御中发挥重要作用。