Teodoro André, Gonçalves Fernando J M, Oliveira Helena, Marques Sérgio
Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Curr Drug Targets. 2022;23(2):126-144. doi: 10.2174/1389450122666210811164517.
The emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria and limitations on cancer treatment represent two important challenges in modern medicine. Biological compounds have been explored with a particular focus on venoms. Although they can be lethal or cause considerable damage to humans, venom is also a source rich in components with high therapeutic potential. Viperidae family is one of the most emblematic venomous snake families and several studies highlighted the antibacterial and antitumor potential of viper toxins. According to the literature, these activities are mainly associated to five protein families - svLAAO, Disintegrins, PLA2, SVMPs and C-type lectins- that act through different mechanisms leading to the inhibition of the growth of bacteria, as well as, cytotoxic effects and inhibition of metastasis process. In this review, we provide an overview of the venom toxins produced by species belonging to the Viperidae family, exploring their roles during the envenoming and their pharmacological properties, in order to demonstrate its antibacterial and antitumor potential.
多重耐药细菌的出现以及癌症治疗的局限性是现代医学面临的两个重大挑战。人们对生物化合物进行了探索，尤其关注毒液。尽管毒液可能对人类致命或造成相当大的损害，但它也是一个富含具有高治疗潜力成分的来源。蝰蛇科是最具代表性的毒蛇家族之一，多项研究强调了蝰蛇毒素的抗菌和抗肿瘤潜力。根据文献，这些活性主要与五个蛋白质家族有关——分泌型磷脂酶A2氧化酶、去整合素、磷脂酶A2、蛇毒金属蛋白酶和C型凝集素——它们通过不同机制发挥作用，导致细菌生长抑制，以及细胞毒性作用和转移过程抑制。在本综述中，我们概述了蝰蛇科物种产生的毒液毒素，探讨它们在蛇咬伤过程中的作用及其药理特性，以证明其抗菌和抗肿瘤潜力。
