Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino (FR), Italy.
Department of Human Electrical and Information Engineering University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino (FR), Italy.
Clin Ter. 2022 Feb 7;173(1):50-53. doi: 10.7417/CT.2022.2391.
Freezing of gait (FOG) is defined as episodic inability to generate an effective movement without any known cause other than parkinson-ism or gait disturbance. FOG is one of the most disabling symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), it affects mobility and increases the risk of falling in people with PD, making it a leading cause of hospitalization and of significantly worsening the quality of life (1). In recent years, new non-invasive intervention strategies have been implemented to decrease FOG symptoms. Thanks to technological progress, several devices have been developed as a support for the patients during diag-nosis, treatments and also everyday life. These types of interventions are based on cueing systems that rely on active stimulation. These devices are able to identify FOG states and to operate when this motor blocks occur, providing external stimuli to overcome these episodes. Hence, this work aims to provide a technological review of the literature related to wearable devices and focuses on auditory, visual, virtual and soma-tosensory cueing systems, which can provide a suitable intervention for patients with PD. The paper describes the technical functioning and effectiveness of the different reporting systems in overcoming FOG episodes. Moreover, a classification of existing devices, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, will be provided in order to identify the ones with the best performance.
冻结步态（FOG）定义为在没有除帕金森病或步态障碍以外的已知原因的情况下，间歇性地无法产生有效运动。FOG 是帕金森病（PD）最致残的症状之一，它会影响活动能力并增加 PD 患者跌倒的风险，使其成为住院和显著降低生活质量的主要原因之一（1）。近年来，已经实施了新的非侵入性干预策略来减少 FOG 症状。由于技术进步，已经开发出几种设备作为患者在诊断、治疗和日常生活中的支持。这些类型的干预措施基于依赖主动刺激的提示系统。这些设备能够识别 FOG 状态，并在发生这种运动阻塞时进行操作，提供外部刺激以克服这些发作。因此，这项工作旨在提供与可穿戴设备相关的文献的技术综述，并重点介绍听觉、视觉、虚拟和体感提示系统，这些系统可为 PD 患者提供合适的干预措施。本文描述了不同报告系统在克服 FOG 发作方面的技术功能和有效性。此外，还将提供现有设备的分类，突出其优缺点，以确定性能最佳的设备。
