College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Jun;29(30):45435-45448. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19165-3. Epub 2022 Feb 11.
The decline disease of Myrica rubra tree is commonly induced by soil acidification, which affects the yield and the quality of fruits. It is hypothesized that aluminum toxicity and microbial community changes caused by soil acidification were the main causes of decline of Myrica rubra tree. In order to explore the decline mechanism of Myrica rubra tree, soils around healthy and decline trees of Myrica rubra were collected to compare the concentrations of different aluminum forms, enzyme activities, and bacterial community structure. In this study, soil samples were collected from the five main production areas of Myrica rubra, Eastern China. The results showed that diseased soils had higher exchangeable aluminum, lower enzyme activities, and lower microbial diversity than healthy soils at various sites. The toxic Al significantly decreased bacterial diversity and altered the bacterial community structure. The diseased soils had significantly lower α-diversity indices (ACE, Chao1, and Shannon) of bacterial community. The Al toxicity deceased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes, while enhanced the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes in soils. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated that the Al toxicity simplified the bacterial network. The soil ExAl content was significantly and negatively correlated with the nodes (r = -0.69, p < 0.05) and edges (r = -0.77, p < 0.01) of the bacterial network. These results revealed that the Al toxicity altered soil bacterial community structure, resulting in the decline disease of Myrica rubra tree, while highlighted the role of Al forms in the plant growth. This finding is of considerable significance to the better management of acidification-induced soil degradation and the quality of fruits.
杨梅树衰退病通常是由土壤酸化引起的，这会影响果实的产量和质量。据推测，土壤酸化引起的铝毒害和微生物群落变化是杨梅树衰退的主要原因。为了探究杨梅树衰退的机制，我们采集了健康和衰退杨梅树周围的土壤，以比较不同铝形态的浓度、酶活性和细菌群落结构。本研究在华东地区杨梅树的五个主要产区采集了土壤样本。结果表明，与健康土壤相比，患病土壤的交换态铝含量更高，酶活性更低，微生物多样性更低。有毒的 Al 显著降低了细菌多样性并改变了细菌群落结构。患病土壤的细菌群落 α-多样性指数（ACE、Chao1 和 Shannon）显著降低。Al 毒性降低了 Acidobacteria 和 Planctomycetes 的相对丰度，而增加了 Cyanobacteria、Bacteroidetes 和 Firmicutes 的相对丰度。共生网络分析表明，Al 毒性简化了细菌网络。土壤中 ExAl 含量与细菌网络的节点（r = -0.69，p < 0.05）和边数（r = -0.77，p < 0.01）呈显著负相关。这些结果表明，Al 毒性改变了土壤细菌群落结构，导致杨梅树衰退病，同时强调了铝形态在植物生长中的作用。这一发现对更好地管理酸化引起的土壤退化和提高果实品质具有重要意义。
