Ho Que Nguyen, Fettweis Michael, Spencer Kate L, Lee Byung Joon
Energy Environment Institute, Kyungpook National University, 2559 Gyeongsang-daero, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37224, Korea.
Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.
Water Res. 2022 Apr 15;213:118147. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118147. Epub 2022 Feb 1.
Flocculation is a key process for controlling the fate and transport of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in water environments and has received considerable attention in the field of water science (e.g., oceanography, limnology, and hydrology), remaining an active area of research. The research on flocculation has been conducted to elucidate the SPM dynamics and to diagnose various environmental issues. The flocculation, sedimentation, and transportation of SPM are closely linked to the compositional and structural properties of flocs. In fact, flocs are highly heterogeneous in terms of composition. However, the lack of comprehensive research on floc composition and structure has led to misconceptions regarding the temporal and spatial dynamics of SPM. This review summarizes the current understanding of the heterogeneous composition of flocs (e.g., minerals, organic matter, metals, microplastic, engineered nanoparticles) and its effect on their structure and on their fate and transport within aquatic environments. Furthermore, the effects of human activities (e.g., pollutant discharge, construction) on floc composition are discussed.
絮凝是控制水环境中悬浮颗粒物（SPM）归宿和迁移的关键过程，在水科学领域（如海洋学、湖沼学和水文学）受到了广泛关注，仍是一个活跃的研究领域。开展絮凝研究是为了阐明悬浮颗粒物动态并诊断各种环境问题。悬浮颗粒物的絮凝、沉降和输运与絮体的组成和结构特性密切相关。事实上，絮体在组成方面具有高度的非均质性。然而，对絮体组成和结构缺乏全面研究导致了对悬浮颗粒物时空动态的误解。本综述总结了目前对絮体非均质组成（如矿物质、有机物、金属、微塑料、工程纳米颗粒）及其对絮体结构以及在水生环境中的归宿和迁移的影响的理解。此外，还讨论了人类活动（如污染物排放、建设）对絮体组成产生的影响。
