Unit of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Cell Therapies and Hematology Research Program, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy.
Hematology Division, Department of Oncology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, P.le Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy.
Cells. 2022 Feb 5;11(3):553. doi: 10.3390/cells11030553.
Moving from indication to transplantation is a critical process in myelofibrosis. Most of guidelines specifically focus on either myelofibrosis disease or transplant procedure, and, currently, no distinct indication for the management of MF candidates to transplant is available. Nevertheless, this period of time is crucial for the transplant outcome because engraftment, non-relapse mortality, and relapse incidence are greatly dependent upon the pre-transplant management. Based on these premises, in this review, we will go through the path of identification of the MF patients suitable for a transplant, by using disease-specific prognostic scores, and the evaluation of eligibility for a transplant, based on performance, comorbidity, and other combined tools. Then, we will focus on the process of donor and conditioning regimens' choice. The pre-transplant management of splenomegaly and constitutional symptoms, cytopenias, iron overload and transplant timing will be comprehensively discussed. The principal aim of this review is, therefore, to give a practical guidance for managing MF patients who are potential candidates for allo-HCT.
从适应证到移植是骨髓纤维化治疗的关键过程。大多数指南专门针对骨髓纤维化疾病或移植程序,目前,尚无明确的骨髓纤维化患者移植适应证管理方法。然而,这段时间对于移植结果至关重要,因为植入、非复发死亡率和复发发生率在很大程度上取决于移植前的管理。基于这些前提,在本综述中,我们将通过使用特定于疾病的预后评分,以及根据患者的表现、合并症和其他综合工具来评估患者是否有资格进行移植,来确定适合移植的骨髓纤维化患者。然后,我们将重点关注供者和预处理方案的选择过程。我们将全面讨论移植前巨脾和全身症状、细胞减少、铁过载和移植时机的管理。因此,本综述的主要目的是为潜在异基因造血干细胞移植候选患者的骨髓纤维化患者提供实用的管理指导。