Saskatchewan Research Council, 125-15 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2X8, Canada.
Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada.
Molecules. 2022 Feb 1;27(3):978. doi: 10.3390/molecules27030978.
This mini-review provides coverage of chitosan-based adsorbents and their modified forms as sustainable solid-phase extraction (SPE) materials for precious metal ions, such as gold species, and their complexes in aqueous media. Modified forms of chitosan-based adsorbents range from surface-functionalized systems to biomaterial composites that contain inorganic or other nanomaterial components. An overview of the SPE conditions such as pH, temperature, contact time, and adsorbent dosage was carried out to outline how these factors affect the efficiency of the sorption process, with an emphasis on gold species. This review provides insight into the structure-property relationships for chitinaceous adsorbents and their metal-ion removal mechanism in aqueous media. Cross-linked chitosan sorbents showed a maximum for Au(III) uptake capacity (600 mg/g), while S-containing cross-linked chitosan display favourable selectivity and uptake capacity with Au(III) species. Compared to industrial adsorbents such as activated carbon, modified chitosan sorbents display favourable uptake of Au(III) species, especially in aqueous media at low pH. In turn, this contribution is intended to catalyze further research directed at the rational design of tailored SPE materials that employ biopolymer scaffolds to yield improved uptake properties of precious metal species in aqueous systems. The controlled removal of gold and precious metal species from aqueous media is highly relevant to sustainable industrial processes and environmental remediation.
这篇迷你综述涵盖了壳聚糖基吸附剂及其修饰形式，作为可持续固相萃取（SPE）材料，用于从水溶液中提取贵金属离子，如金物种及其配合物。壳聚糖基吸附剂的修饰形式从表面功能化系统到包含无机或其他纳米材料成分的生物材料复合材料不等。对 SPE 条件（如 pH 值、温度、接触时间和吸附剂用量）进行了概述，以说明这些因素如何影响吸附过程的效率，重点是金物种。本综述深入了解了甲壳素吸附剂的结构-性能关系及其在水溶液中的金属离子去除机制。交联壳聚糖吸附剂对 Au(III)的最大吸附容量为 600mg/g，而含 S 的交联壳聚糖对 Au(III)物种表现出良好的选择性和吸附容量。与活性炭等工业吸附剂相比，改性壳聚糖吸附剂对 Au(III)物种具有良好的吸附性能，尤其是在低 pH 值的水溶液中。这反过来又旨在促进进一步的研究，旨在合理设计定制的 SPE 材料，利用生物聚合物支架在水溶液中提高贵金属物种的吸附性能。从水溶液中控制去除金和贵金属物种对于可持续的工业过程和环境修复至关重要。
