Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2022 May;45(3):283-290. doi: 10.1111/jvp.13045. Epub 2022 Feb 16.
The study objective was to determine the disposition of gamithromycin in plasma, peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells in alpacas. A single subcutaneous injection of gamithromycin (6.6 mg/kg) was administered to six healthy adult alpacas. At various time points after administration, gamithromycin concentrations were analyzed via LC-MS/MS in plasma, PMNs, PELF, and BAL cells until Day 14 post-injection. Plasma gamithromycin concentrations were measured in all six alpacas; the remaining three body compartments were analyzed in four alpacas. Gamithromycin rapidly concentrated in blood PMNs, BAL cells, and PELF. Shorter T , and lower C and AUC were observed in plasma than in the other three compartments. C was highest in BAL cells (26001.80 ± 12400.00 ng/ml) and PMNs (2573.00 ± 963.30 ng/ml) compared to PELF (660.80 ± 413.70 ng/ml) and plasma (452.30 ± 196.20 ng/ml). Mean terminal half-lives were 72.60 ± 14.10 h in plasma, 56.60 ± 10.60 h in PELF, 62.80 ± 85.30 h in PMNs, and 93.60 ± 124.80 h in BAL cells. No injection site reactions occurred. One alpaca developed colic but no other adverse reactions were noted. Overall, gamithromycin was highly concentrated in white blood cells and pulmonary fluids/cells. Clinical utilization of gamithromycin in alpacas should be done with caution until further investigation of potential for colic.
本研究旨在确定加米霉素在羊驼血浆、外周血多形核细胞（PMN）、肺上皮衬液（PELF）和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）中的分布情况。6 只健康成年羊驼单次皮下注射加米霉素（6.6mg/kg）。给药后不同时间点，通过 LC-MS/MS 分析血浆、PMN、PELF 和 BAL 细胞中的加米霉素浓度，直至注射后 14 天。6 只羊驼的血浆中均检测到加米霉素浓度；另外 3 个体腔在 4 只羊驼中进行了分析。加米霉素迅速在血液 PMN、BAL 细胞和 PELF 中浓缩。与其他 3 个体腔相比，T1/2较短，C 和 AUC 较低。BAL 细胞（26001.80±12400.00ng/ml）和 PMN（2573.00±963.30ng/ml）中的 C 最高，高于 PELF（660.80±413.70ng/ml）和血浆（452.30±196.20ng/ml）。血浆、PELF、PMN 和 BAL 细胞中的平均终末半衰期分别为 72.60±14.10h、56.60±10.60h、62.80±85.30h 和 93.60±124.80h。未发生注射部位反应。1 只羊驼出现腹痛，但未观察到其他不良反应。总的来说，加米霉素在白细胞和肺液/细胞中高度浓缩。在进一步研究潜在腹痛风险之前，在羊驼中临床应用加米霉素应谨慎进行。
