Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Dermatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.
Contact Dermatitis. 2022 Jun;86(6):539-543. doi: 10.1111/cod.14076. Epub 2022 Mar 10.
Contact allergy has been reported as a side effect of topical antifungals (TAFs), although most evidence has come from small case series.
To investigate the frequency and associated factors of contact allergy to TAFs.
We performed a retrospective analysis of the data of the Contact Allergy Unit of a University Dermatology Department between January 2009 and April 2021. From a cohort of 3788 patients tested in our unit, aimed testing was performed in 482 patients using TAFs from Chemotechnique Diagnostics (Vellinge, Sweden), allergEAZE, and, in some cases, commercial preparations 'as is'.
Contact allergy to antifungals was found in 27 patients (0.71% of consecutively tested patients and 5.6% of those who had aimed testing). Foot and leg eczema were the clinical presentation in 12 (44.4%) and 10 (37.0%) patients, respectively. Positive reactions were observed mostly with econazole nitrate 1% alcohol (51.9%), miconazole 1% alcohol (48.9%), tioconazole 28% solution (40.7%), and clotrimazole 5% pet. (18.5%). Fifteen patients (55.6%) had sensitization to more than one antifungal.
Contact allergy to antifungals was uncommon and occurred mostly associated with foot dermatitis. Most patients were sensitized to more than one chemical, particularly to azoles, which may limit future choices of TAF treatment.
虽然大多数证据来自小病例系列，但已有报道称接触性过敏是局部抗真菌药物（TAF）的一种副作用。
研究接触 TAF 后发生接触性过敏的频率和相关因素。
我们对 2009 年 1 月至 2021 年 4 月期间某大学皮肤科接触过敏科的患者数据进行了回顾性分析。在我们的科室中，对 3788 名患者进行了目标检测，使用了 Chemotechnique Diagnostics（瑞典 Vellinge）、allergEAZE 的 TAF，并且在某些情况下，还使用了商业制剂“原样”。
在 27 名患者（连续检测患者的 0.71%和有针对性检测患者的 5.6%）中发现了对抗真菌剂的接触过敏。足部和腿部湿疹分别是 12 名（44.4%）和 10 名（37.0%）患者的临床表现。阳性反应主要见于硝酸益康唑 1%酒精（51.9%）、咪康唑 1%酒精（48.9%）、克霉唑 28%溶液（40.7%）和克霉唑 5%霜剂（18.5%）。15 名患者（55.6%）对一种以上的抗真菌药物过敏。
接触性过敏对抗真菌药物不常见，主要与足部皮炎有关。大多数患者对一种以上的化学物质敏感，特别是对唑类药物敏感，这可能会限制未来 TAF 治疗的选择。
