Department of Biology and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 12, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
Pol J Vet Sci. 2021 Dec;24(4):547-552. doi: 10.24425/pjvs.2021.139979.
Ichthyophthiriasis, commonly known as white spot disease, occurs in both wild and cultured fish and is responsible for heavy economic losses to the aquaculture industry. In past decade, several chemical therapeutants were used to treat ichthyophthiriasis, but the effective drugs, such as malachite green, have been banned for use in food fish due to its genotoxic and carcinogenic properties. To find efficacious drugs to control Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), whole Eclipta alba plants and dried root of Arctium lappa were evaluated for their antiprotozoal activity. E. alba and A. lappa extracts significantly reduced the survival of Ich trophonts and theronts. In vitro, the E. alba and A. lappa methanol extracts killed all trophonts at 3200 mg l-1. All trophonts were killed after exposure to E. alba aqueous extract at 3200 mg l-1. The methanol extracts of E. alba and A. lappa killed 100% of I. multifiliis theronts at 400 mg l-1 and 800 mg l-1, respectively. The aqueous extract of E. alba and A. lappa killed 100% of I. mulitifiliis theronts at 1600 mg l-1 and 3200 mg l-1, respectively. E. alba and A. lappa extracts may be new and efficacious drugs for the control of ichthyophthiriasis.
鱼类白点病，俗称白点病，发生在野生和养殖鱼类中，给水产养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。在过去的十年中，已经使用了几种化学治疗剂来治疗鱼类白点病，但由于其遗传毒性和致癌性，孔雀石绿等有效药物已被禁止用于食用鱼。为了寻找有效的药物来控制多子小瓜虫（Ich），评估了全马齿苋植物和牛蒡根的抗原生动物活性。E. alba 和 A. lappa 提取物显著降低了 Ich 营养体和滋养体的存活率。在体外，E. alba 和 A. lappa 甲醇提取物在 3200mg l-1 时杀死所有营养体。在 3200mg l-1 时，所有营养体在暴露于马齿苋水提取物后均被杀死。E. alba 和 A. lappa 的甲醇提取物在 400mg l-1 和 800mg l-1 时分别杀死了 100%的多子小瓜虫滋养体。E. alba 和 A. lappa 的水提取物在 1600mg l-1 和 3200mg l-1 时分别杀死了 100%的多子小瓜虫滋养体。马齿苋和牛蒡根提取物可能是治疗鱼类白点病的新的有效药物。
