Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2022 Mar;189:107733. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2022.107733. Epub 2022 Feb 17.
Wolbachia is the most abundant intracellular symbiont among terrestrial Arthropoda. This bacterium together with other microorganisms, i.e., Cardinium, gained fame mainly as the causative agent of host sex-ratio distortion. Across the impressive diversity of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida), the microbes have been found in both parthenogenetic (Oppiella nova, Ceratozetes thienemanni, Hypochthonius rufulus) as well as sexually-reproducing (Gustavia microcephala, Achipteria coleoptrata, Microzetorchestes emeryi, Damaeus onustus) species. Wolbachia found in Oribatida represents supergroup E and is related to bacterial endosymbionts of springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola). Cardinium identified in O. nova and M. emeryi belongs to phylogenetic group A. In turn, Cardinium from A. coleoptrata constitutes a new separate group E. The occurrence of these bacterial endosymbionts in parthenogenetic and sexual oribatid mites species may suggests a different function other than manipulating host reproduction. Indeed, endosymbionts may have various "shades" of functions in invertebrate hosts, some of which cannot be excluded in the oribatid mites, e.g., enriching a nutrient-limited diet with B vitamins or contributing to host adaptation to colder and harsher climates. Nevertheless, the mystery behind the roles of bacteria in Oribatida still needs required to be unraveled.
沃尔巴克氏体是节肢动物门陆地生物中最丰富的细胞内共生体。这种细菌与其他微生物（如卡多体菌）一起，主要作为宿主性别比例扭曲的病原体而声名远扬。在令人印象深刻的革螨多样性中（节肢动物门：革螨目），已经在孤雌生殖（新奥皮螨、塞氏卡多体菌、红斑革螨）和有性生殖（微巴氏革螨、阿氏拟革螨、微小革螨、大腹革螨）物种中发现了这些微生物。革螨中的沃尔巴克氏体属于超级群 E，与跳虫（六足动物门：弹尾目）的细菌内共生体有关。在新奥皮螨和微小革螨中发现的卡多体菌属于进化群 A。相反，来自 A. coleoptrata 的卡多体菌构成了一个新的单独的 E 群。这些细菌内共生体在孤雌生殖和有性革螨物种中的存在表明，它们的功能可能不同于操纵宿主繁殖。事实上，内共生体在无脊椎动物宿主中可能具有各种“功能”，其中一些功能在革螨中是不能排除的，例如，用 B 族维生素丰富营养有限的饮食，或有助于宿主适应更冷、更恶劣的气候。然而，细菌在革螨中的作用背后的奥秘仍有待揭示。
