Dong S B, Wang X L, Huo D, Li R Q, Yang Y, Liang Z C, Wang Q Y, Jia L
Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control/Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Feb 10;43(2):207-212. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210511-00387.
To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) among people ≥6 years old in Beijing from 2011 to 2020. The incidence data of HFMD cases from 2011 to 2020 were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of China Information for Disease Control and Prevention and the etiological surveillance of HFMD in 29 sentinel hospitals from 16 districts of Beijing. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distributions, pathogen constituents, and changes of HFMD cases in Beijing people ≥6 years old. From 2011 to 2020, a total of 38 183 cases of HFMD were reported among people ≥6 years old in Beijing, of which 46 (0.12%) cases were severe. The average annual reported incidence was 19.04/100 000. The ratio of males to females were 1.37∶1(22 064∶16 119). The proportion of HFMD in people ≥6 years old increased from 7.56%(2 606/34 488) in 2011 to 24.54% (546/2 225) in 2020. The average incidence of HFMD was higher in Shunyi district, Yanqing district, and Tongzhou district than in other districts in Beijing. The positive rate of enterovirus in sentinel surveillance was 66.78% (1 976/2 959), the proportion of enterovirus group A 71 (EV-A71) was 45.29% (101/223) in 2014, no EV-A71 positive was detected in 2020, and the proportion of Coxsackievirus A 6 (CV-A6) increased from 15.11% (34/225) in 2016 to 81.08% (60/74) in 2020. From 2011 to 2020, the proportion of cases with HFMD in people ≥6 years old in Beijing increased yearly, and the proportion of EV-A71 positive patients decreased basically. Since 2016, CV-A6 has gradually become the dominant pathogen. More attention should be paid to the epidemic situation and dynamic pathogen changes of hand foot mouth disease in people ≥6 years old.
分析2011年至2020年北京市6岁及以上人群手足口病（HFMD）的流行病学特征。从中国疾病预防控制信息系统的国家法定传染病报告系统收集2011年至2020年手足口病病例的发病数据，并收集北京市16个区29家哨点医院手足口病的病原学监测数据。采用描述性流行病学方法分析北京市6岁及以上人群手足口病病例的分布、病原体构成及变化情况。2011年至2020年，北京市6岁及以上人群共报告手足口病病例38183例，其中重症46例（0.12%）。年平均报告发病率为19.04/10万。男女比例为1.37∶1（22064∶16119）。6岁及以上人群手足口病所占比例从2011年的7.56%（2606/34488）上升至2020年的24.54%（546/2225）。顺义区、延庆区和通州区手足口病平均发病率高于北京市其他区。哨点监测中肠道病毒阳性率为66.78%（1976/2959），2014年肠道病毒A71型（EV-A71）所占比例为45.29%（101/223），2020年未检测到EV-A71阳性，柯萨奇病毒A6型（CV-A6）所占比例从2016年的15.11%（34/225）上升至2020年的81.08%（60/74）。2011年至2020年，北京市6岁及以上人群手足口病病例所占比例逐年上升，EV-A71阳性患者所占比例基本下降。自2016年以来，CV-A6逐渐成为优势病原体。应更加关注6岁及以上人群手足口病的疫情及病原体动态变化。
