Zhang Zhuoyu, Liu Na, Zhang Jun, Xu Juan, Wang Wenyu, Xiao Jiaqi, Wang Tianyu, Luan Lin, Zhang Yunyan
School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215000, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Oct 19;10(10):1745. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10101745.
Background: The varicella vaccine is excluded from the Chinese national immunisation programme but is included in the local expanded programme on immunisation (EPI) in the Suzhou Prefecture. This study investigated the epidemiological characteristics of the varicella cases during the implementation of different immunisation strategies in the Suzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province. Methods: In this study, we used descriptive statistics. Information on reported instances from 2012 to 2021 was first retrieved. Data on varicella cases were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Similarly, information on vaccinated children was obtained from the Jiangsu Province Vaccination Integrated Service Management Information System (JPVISMIS). The census data in this study was procured from the Suzhou Bureau of Statistics. Results: From 2012 to 2021, a total of 118,031 cases of varicella were reported in Suzhou, and the average annual reported incidence was 91.35 per 100,000. The average yearly incidence after implementing the two-dose varicella vaccination decreased by 41.57% compared with the implementation of one dose. This study demonstrates two annual incidence peaks, a small peak between April and July and a prominent peak between October and January. It is also possible that this seasonal distribution is related to the geography of Suzhou. The average annual reported incidence between districts with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 98.077, p < 0.05). The one-dose varicella vaccination coverage gradually increased from 55.34% in 2012 to 89.06% in 2021 and the two-dose varicella vaccination coverage gradually increased from 0.27% in 2012 to 82.17% in 2021. Conclusions: Administering the varicella vaccine in the local EPI has significantly decreased the incidence rate and the total number of cases. A two-dose vaccination schedule is still the best vaccination strategy for varicella vaccine effectiveness.
水痘疫苗未被纳入中国国家免疫规划，但在苏州地区被纳入当地扩大免疫规划（EPI）。本研究调查了江苏省苏州地区实施不同免疫策略期间水痘病例的流行病学特征。方法：在本研究中，我们使用描述性统计方法。首先检索了2012年至2021年报告病例的信息。水痘病例数据来自中国疾病预防控制信息系统（CISDCP）。同样，接种疫苗儿童的信息来自江苏省预防接种综合服务管理信息系统（JPVISMIS）。本研究中的人口普查数据来自苏州市统计局。结果：2012年至2021年，苏州共报告118,031例水痘病例，年平均报告发病率为每10万人91.35例。实施两剂水痘疫苗接种后的年平均发病率与实施一剂接种相比下降了41.57%。本研究显示有两个年发病高峰，4月至7月间有一个小高峰，10月至次年1月间有一个显著高峰。这种季节性分布也可能与苏州的地理位置有关。各地区之间的年平均报告发病率存在统计学显著差异（χ2 = 98.077，p < 0.05）。一剂水痘疫苗接种覆盖率从2012年的55.34%逐渐上升至2021年的89.06%，两剂水痘疫苗接种覆盖率从2012年的0.27%逐渐上升至2021年的82.17%。结论：在当地扩大免疫规划中接种水痘疫苗显著降低了发病率和病例总数。两剂接种方案仍是水痘疫苗有效性的最佳接种策略。
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