Wang Kedan, Chen Xiaolei, Yan Dengke, Xu Zicong, Hu Peiji, Li Haisong
ZhiHe Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, China.
College of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; ZhiHe Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jun 20;826:153962. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153962. Epub 2022 Feb 19.
Microorganisms in activated sludge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) form complex networks to convert a wide variety of pollutants, thus ensuring water purification and environmental protection. In this study, activated sludge samples were collected from three full-scale WWTPs: a petrochemical WWTP (PWWTP), a municipal WWTP treating domestic wastewater (MWWTP_D), and a municipal WWTP treating a mixture of domestic wastewater and multiple industrial effluents (MWWTP_I+D). These samples were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene PCoA and CPCoA indicated that the samples from three WWTPs were separated, suggesting that each WWTP had unique microbiome characters (P < 0.05). This was also evidenced by the different predominant bacteria (PDB), biomarkers, and key nodes of co-occurrence network in the three WWTPs. Microorganisms with all three above mentioned characteristics were defined the core bacteria, specifically: Georgfuchsia, Thauera and GP4 in PWWTP, Phaeodactylibacter and Hyphomicrobiuml in MWWTP_D, and Otheakwangia, Terrimonas, Phenylobacterium, etc. in MWWTP_I + D. Furthermore, in accordance with the functional profile prediction, the functional groups in PWWTP metabolized aromatic compound, sulfur compounds and heavy metal typically present in petrochemical wastewater. In contrast, the microbiome in MWWTP_D was represented by the population breaking down macromolecular biodegradable organic matter and the nitrogen nutrients that constitute the vast majority of domestic wastewater pollutants. Both functional groups coexist in MWWTP_I + D. These results revealed that the specific composition of incoming wastewaters produced distinct ecological niches and modulated the ecological structure of activated sludge microbial communities in real-world WWTPs. However, the generalization of the results of this study will require further research.
污水处理厂（WWTPs）活性污泥中的微生物形成复杂网络以转化多种污染物，从而确保水净化和环境保护。在本研究中，从三个全规模污水处理厂采集活性污泥样本：一个石化污水处理厂（PWWTP）、一个处理生活污水的城市污水处理厂（MWWTP_D）以及一个处理生活污水与多种工业废水混合污水的城市污水处理厂（MWWTP_I+D）。通过对16S rRNA基因进行高通量测序分析这些样本，主坐标分析（PCoA）和共主坐标分析（CPCoA）表明来自三个污水处理厂的样本相互分离，这表明每个污水处理厂都有独特的微生物群落特征（P<0.05）。这也通过三个污水处理厂中不同的优势菌（PDB）、生物标志物和共现网络的关键节点得到证明。具有上述所有三个特征的微生物被定义为核心细菌，具体为：PWWTP中的Georgfuchsia、Thauera和GP4；MWWTP_D中的Phaeodactylibacter和Hyphomicrobiuml；MWWTP_I + D中的Otheakwangia、Terrimonas、Phenylobacterium等。此外，根据功能谱预测，PWWTP中的功能组代谢石化废水中典型存在的芳香族化合物、硫化合物和重金属。相比之下，MWWTP_D中的微生物群落以分解构成生活污水大部分污染物的大分子可生物降解有机物和氮营养物的菌群为代表。这两种功能组在MWWTP_I + D中同时存在。这些结果表明，进水废水的特定组成产生了不同的生态位，并调节了实际污水处理厂中活性污泥微生物群落的生态结构。然而，本研究结果的推广还需要进一步研究。
